不同群体猪产仔间隔的遗传参数估计与影响因素分析  

Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Farrowing Interval in Different Groups of Pigs

作　　者：张婧 贾青[1,2,3] 陶晨雨 胡慧艳 李志强[1] 刘仲武 ZHANG Jing;JIA Qing;TAO Chenyu;HU Huiyan;LI Zhiqiang;LIU Zhongwu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Baoding 071000,China;National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Hebei Baoding 071000,China;Agricultural Technology Innovation Center in Hebei Mountainous Areas,Hebei Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071000 [3]河北省山区农业技术创新中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2020年第11期68-73,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系专项(HBCT20181004044)。

摘　　要：为更加深入地了解产仔间隔及其应用,为猪场的生产管理和育种提供参考,本实验对不同群体猪产仔间隔性状进行遗传参数的估计和比较,并对影响性状的固定效应进行统计分析。数据源于河北省3个原种猪场的5个群体母猪共17274条繁殖记录,采用动物模型估计断奶发情间隔在1周之内的3个群体猪(英系大白猪、英系长白猪和法系大白猪)总产仔数、活产仔数、初生窝重、断奶配种间隔(以下简称断配间隔)和产仔间隔的遗传力,评估各性状之间的表型和遗传相关,并对断配间隔和产仔间隔的影响因素进行分析。结果显示:品种、场、胎次、分娩季节和哺乳天数均对产仔间隔和断配间隔有极显著影响。英系大白猪总产仔数、活产仔数、初生窝重、断配间隔和产仔间隔遗传力分别为0.015、0.018、0.030、0.021和0.045;英系长白猪分别为0.038、0.050、0.044、0.078和0.018;法系大白猪分别为0.098、0.115、0.156、0.164和0.078,均为低遗传力性状且英系猪繁殖性状遗传力低于法系猪。英系大白猪、英系长白猪和法系大白猪产仔间隔与断配间隔遗传相关分别为0.412、0.772和0.098。结果表明产仔间隔受环境因素影响较大,通过改进生产管理水平可以有效改善产仔间隔性状。对断配间隔的选择可以使产仔间隔获得有利的遗传进展,但不同群体所获取的进展大小有差异,猪场需要针对不同的群体制定合理的育种计划。The objective of this study was to analysis the phenotypic and genetic parameter of farrowing interval and to investigate its correlation with reproduction traits in different groups of pigs in order to further understand the farrowing interval of pigs and its application.The data were derived from a total of 17,274 breeding records from 5 groups of sows in 3 original fields in Hebei Province.First,we analysed the affecting factors of 17274 reproductive records of different groups.Then,Animal model were used to estimate heritabilities of total number born(TNB),number born alive(NBA),litter weight at birth(LW),weaning-to-service interval(WTS)and farrowing interval(FI)of reproductive records of three groups of pigs(British Large White,British Landrace and French Large White)with a WTS within one week.Moreover,we estimated the phenotypic and genetic correlation between FI and other reproduction traits(TNB,NBA,LW and WTS).As a result,breed,field,parity,annual seasons and lactation days extremely significantly influenced the FI.The heritabilities of British Large White pigs were 0.015,0.018,0.030,0.021 and 0.045 for TNB,NBA,LW,WTS and FI,respectively;The heritabilities of British Landrace pigs were 0.038,0.050,0.044,0.078 and 0.018 for TNB,NBA,LW,WTS and FI,respectively;The heritabilities of French Large White pigs were 0.098,0.115,0.156,0.164 and 0.078 for TNB,NBA,LW,WTS and FI,respectively.The genetic correlations between the farrowing interval and the weaning-to-service interval of British Large White Pigs,British Landrace White and French Large White Pigs were 0.412,0.772 and 0.098,respectively.The results show that the farrowing interval is greatly affected by environmental factors,and the quality of production management can improve the farrowing interval traits effectively.The choice of the weaning-to-service interval can result in favorable genetic progress in the farrowing interval,but the difference in the size of the progress obtained by different groups,The fields need to develop a reasonable breeding prog

关 键 词：产仔间隔 断配间隔 繁殖性状 遗传相关 遗传力 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]