氮素指数施肥对赤皮青冈苗期生长的影响  

Effect of exponential N fertilization on growth of Cyclobalanopsis gilva seedlings

作　　者：徐志红 戴良选 张斌[1] 王佩兰[1] 陆佳[1] XU Zhihong;DAI Liangxuan;ZHANG Bin;WANG Peilan;LU Jia(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Liuyanghu Forest Farm,Liuyang 410300,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]浏阳湖国有林场,湖南浏阳410300

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第11期85-92,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省林业局林业科技计划项目(XLK201529);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“珍贵树种赤皮青冈优良家系良种繁育及造林技术推广与示范”;湖南省教育厅项目“赤皮青冈种质资源收集保存及嫁接繁育技术研究”。

摘　　要：【目的】指数施肥能诱导苗木对养分的奢侈消耗并建立养分库,从而实现苗木对肥料的稳定持续吸收,进而实现养分在体内的稳定积累,针对1年生赤皮青冈幼苗对不同水平指数施肥的响应,对比常规施肥,旨在探索不同施肥方式和施肥水平对赤皮青冈在不同时间段苗木生长阶段的生长速率大小以及苗木质量指标的影响,揭示指数施肥对赤皮青冈苗木生长的潜在影响以及赤皮青冈苗期对氮素的需肥规律,为赤皮青冈苗木培育和人工林培育提供理论支撑。【方法】以赤皮青冈1年生幼苗为研究对象,采用盆栽试验法,基于对照(CK)、常规施肥(CF)、指数施肥(EF1、EF2、EF3、EF4)等6个处理,施氮量(纯氮)分别采用0、3.0、1.0、2.0、3.0、5.0 g·株-1,分5次施入,每30天施入1次,施肥前先测量苗高、地径,生长期结束后,用全量收获法测定每1株的苗高、地径、干质量。用单因素方差分析法进行生长指标分析。【结果】在不同处理条件下,施氮处理对苗高、地径等影响不同,赤皮青冈的苗高生长差异表现较大,表现为EF2>EF1>CF>EF3>EF4>CK,其中处理EF2的苗高达136.5 cm,比对照处理95.2 cm高出43.41%,比常规施肥CF处理高出25.34%,差异均达到显著性水平(P<0.05)。对地径的影响差异表现为EF2>EF1>EF3>CF>EF4>CK,其中中低浓度的指数施肥EF2和EF1处理,对地径生长的促进作用显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),地径分别比对照处理高出49.33%、37.38%;中高浓度的指数施肥处理EF3、EF4与常规施肥处理CF对地径生长的促进作用效果相同,也显著高于对照处理。由不同处理条件下赤皮青冈苗木总生物量介于58.13~125.80 g·株-1,不同处理间差异显著,质量指数差别较大(P<0.05),其中以处理EF2、EF1最佳。【结论】指数施肥不仅能节约肥料的施用量,减少肥料的浪费,还能有效提高赤皮青冈苗木质量。综合分析不同施肥方式和施肥量,指数施肥方�【Objective】Exponential fertilization can induce the extravagant consumption of nutrients and establish nutrient banks,to achieve stable and continuous absorption of fertilizer,and then realize the stable accumulation of nutrients in plants.Compared with conventional fertilization,the effect of exponential fertilization on one-year-old Cyclobalanopsis gilva seedlings,was studied to explore the influence of different fertilization methods and amount on seedling height,ground diameter and seedling quality index,to explore the potential effect of index fertilization on seedling growth and the rule of seedling fertilizer requirement on nitrogen,and provide theoretical support for Cyclobalanopsis gilva seedling cultivation and plantation cultivation.【Method】One-year-old seedlings were treated by pot experiment,based on control(CK),conventional fertilization(CF)and exponential fertilization(EF1、EF2、EF3、EF4).Nitrogen application(pure nitrogen)was measured by total harvest method g·each plant.the growth index analysis was carried out by single factor analysis of variance.A pot experiment was conducted on one-year-old clonal seedlings,Six treatments were designed including control,conventional fertilization and four exponential fertilization treatments,with N application rates of 0,3.0,1.0,2.0,3.0 and 5.0 g·seedling-1,with N applied at 5 times at 30-day interval.The height,ground diameter,biomass was measured at the end of experiment.【Result】Different nitrogen treatments had different effects on seedling height and ground diameter.The difference of seedling height was EF2>EF1>CF>EF3>EF4>CK.The seedling height of EF2 was 136.5 cm,43.41%higher than the CK,25.34%higher than the CF(P<0.05).The difference of influence on ground diameter is EF2>EF1>EF3>CF>EF4>CK,among all these treatments,EF2 and EF1 treatments with low and medium concentrations promoted the growth of the ground diameter significantly higher than other treatments(P<0.05),and the ground diameter was 49.33%and 37.38%higher than that of CK,respe

关 键 词：赤皮青冈 指数施肥 苗木培育 氮素 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]