干旱胁迫对4种木兰科树种生理特性的影响  

Effects of drought stress on physiological characteristics of four Magnoliaceae species

作　　者：马斌 张娅 吴毅[1] 李娇婕 廖天柱 曹基武[1] MA Bin;ZHANG Ya;WU Yi;LI Jiaojie;LIAO Tianzhu;CAO Jiwu(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第11期93-99,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广项目(2017XT002);湖南省教育厅项目(12C0441)。

摘　　要：【目的】干旱是限制木兰科树种推广应用最主要的逆境因素,深入研究不同树种的及形态、生理生化特性等抗旱指标,鉴定抗旱相关性状及抗旱机制,成为抗旱育种的重要前提。【方法】以武当木兰、红花木莲、乐昌含笑、乐东拟单性木兰为试验材料,采用盆栽试验对其进行干旱胁迫,研究了干旱胁迫对植物根冠比、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量、可溶性蛋白(SP)等6个指标的影响。【结果】1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加,4种木兰科树种的根冠比均呈上升趋势;2)叶绿素含量随干旱胁迫的增加而显著降低(P<0.05),叶绿素总量相对于对照组在重度干旱胁迫下分别下降74.08%、54.92%、59.48%、31.33%,且下降至最低值;3)丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)含量随干旱程度增加呈上升趋势,且武当木兰的上升幅度最大,分别上升38.71%、304.28%;可溶性蛋白(SP)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量与随干旱程度增加呈下降趋势,且以红花木莲与乐昌含笑下降幅度最小,分别下降35.71%、69.85%。【结论】4种木兰科植物的抗旱能力表现为最强的是乐昌含笑,其次为乐东拟单性木兰和武当木兰,最后是红花木莲。乐昌含笑具有树姿雄伟、叶密浓绿、花色鲜艳、芳香四溢、材质优良等特性,可成为长江以南地区城市绿化的重要树种。【Objective】Drought is not only a global problem that restricts the development of forestry,but also the most important adversity factor that restricts the popularization and application of Magnoliaceae species.It is an important prerequisite for drought resistance breeding to study drought resistance traits of different species,such as drought resistance,tissue structure,morphology,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and to identify drought resistance related traits and drought resistance mechanism of different species.【Method】Magnolia sprengeri,Manglietia insignis,Michelia chapensis and Parakmeria lotungensis were chosen as experimental materials,and pot experiment was used to treat drought stress,to study the effects of drought stress on the ratio between root and crown,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,peroxidase(POD)content,catalase(CAT)content and soluble protein(SP)content.【Result】1)The ratio between root and crown of all the four Magnoliaceae species showed an upward trend with the increase of drought stress.2)Chlorophyll content decreased significantly with the increase of drought stress(P<0.05),and the total amount of chlorophyll decreased by 74.08%,54.92%,59.48%and 31.33%respectively compared with the control group under severe drought stress,and decreased to the lowest value.3)The content of MDA and pod increased with the increase of drought degree,and Magnolia sprengeri increased by 38.71%and 304.28%respectively;the content of SP and cat decreased with the increase of drought degree,and the content of Manglietia insignis and Michelia chapensis decreased by 35.71%and 69.85%respectively.【Conclusion】The drought resistance intensity of the four Magnoliaceae species was in order of Michelia chapensis,Parakmeria lotungensis,Magnolia sprengeri and Manglietia insignis.With the characteristics of majestic gestures,dense green leaves,bright colors,fragrant fragrance and excellent materials,Michelia chapensis could become an important tree species for urban greening in the

关 键 词：木兰科树种 干旱胁迫 生理指标 武当木兰 乐东拟单性木兰 红花木莲 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]