焊后冷却方式对Fe-Cr-C-B堆焊合金强韧性的影响  

Effect of Cooling Modes after Welding on Strength and Toughness of Fe-Cr-C-B Surfacing Alloys

作　　者：黄梦真[1] 王守忠[2] 王玉美[3] HUANG Meng-zhen;WANG Shou-zhong;WANG Yu-mei(School of Automotive and Electrical Engineering,Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College,Zhoukou 466000,China;Department of Biological Engineering,Shangqiu Polytechnic,Shangqiu 476005,China;Department of Automotive and Construction Engineering,Shangqiu Polytechnic,Shangqiu 476005,China)

机构地区：[1]周口职业技术学院汽车与机电工程学院,河南周口466000 [2]商丘职业技术学院生物工程系,河南商丘476005 [3]商丘职业技术学院汽车建筑工程系,河南商丘476005

出　　处：《材料保护》2020年第8期96-100,144,共6页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家高等职业教育创新发展行动计划基金项目;校企共建的生产性实训基地建设(项目编号:XM-2)资助。

摘　　要：为了提高Fe-Cr-C-B堆焊合金的强韧性,采用多元合金Fe-Cr-C-B自保护耐磨堆焊药芯焊丝,通过明弧堆焊方法在Q235母材金属表面制备相应的堆焊合金,焊后分别采用空冷与空冷+水冷却2种冷却方式进行冷却;采用SEM(附带EDS)、XRD、冲击试验机和硬度计等观察并测试了所制备合金的组织结构和性能。结果表明:焊后空冷堆焊合金的宏观硬度为62 HRC,冲击韧性为6.8 J/cm2,组织由板条马氏体+残余奥氏体和(Fe,Cr)2(B,C)、(Fe,Cr)3(B,C)、(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6硼碳化物组成;空冷+水冷组织较空冷减少了(Fe,Cr)3(B,C)物相,宏观硬度提高了5 HRC,冲击韧性提高了6.7 J/cm2。组织尺寸细化、硼碳化物局部断网和基体中合金元素含量提高等的共同作用,是空冷+水冷堆焊合金宏观硬度和冲击韧性提高的主要原因。In order to improve strength and toughness of Fe-Cr-C-B hardfacing alloy,multi-element alloy Fe-Cr-C-B self-protecting hardfacing flux-cored wire was used,and air cooling and air cooling + water cooling were applied after welding. The structure and properties of the prepared alloy were observed and tested by SEM(with EDS),XRD,impact tester and hardness tester. Results showed that for air cooling after welding,the surfacing welding alloy had a macrohardness of 62 HRC and an impact toughness of 6.8 J/cm2. The microstructure consisted of lath martensite + retained austenite matrix and(Fe,Cr)2(B,C),(Fe,Cr)3(B,C),(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6 boron carbide. As for air cooling +water cooling after welding,the(Fe,Cr)3(B,C) phase of the alloy structure was reduced by air cooling,and the macro hardness was increased by 5 HRC,as well as the impact toughness was increased by 6. 7 J/cm2. The combination of tissue size refinement,partial bromination of borocarbons and increase of alloying elements in the matrix was the main reason for the improvement of macrohardness and impact toughness of air-cooled and water-cooled surfacing alloys.

关 键 词：Fe-Cr-C-B 明弧堆焊 空冷 空冷+水冷 强韧性 

分 类 号：TG442[金属学及工艺—焊接]