我国山苍子产业发展现状及对策  

Investigation on the Development of the Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers.Industry in China

作　　者：张爱华[1] 唐春艳 胡楠 唐娟 肖志红[1] 李昌珠[1] ZHANG Aihua;TANG Chunyan;HU Nan;TANG Juan;XIAO Zhihong;LI Changzhu(Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China;Forestry Bureau of Shuangpai County,Yongzhou 425200,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]双牌县林业局,湖南永州425200 [3]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《生物质化学工程》2020年第6期25-32,共8页Biomass Chemical Engineering

基　　金：中国工程院咨询研究重点项目(2019-XZ-26)。

摘　　要：山苍子是传统的精油树种,近年来也被看作油料或能源树种,大力发展山苍子种植可有效改善生态环境,促进贫困山区农民增收。目前,我国对山苍子资源的加工以粗放型为主,要提高山苍子资源的附加值必须开发新产品,在新产品研发的同时寻求更节能更经济的提取方法和纯化工艺。本文概述了山苍子概况及其资源分布,介绍了山苍子精油的化学组成、理化性质及其在合成香料、食品添加剂、医学保健、生物防治、食品保鲜等方面的应用,以及山苍子核仁油的脂肪酸组成、理化性质及其在果渣饲料、生物液体燃料油、表面活性剂等方面的应用。分析了山苍子精油和核仁油的提取、分离、纯化工艺的现状,以及山苍子精油产业规模和产品供需情况。阐述了山苍子产业在原料收集、生产加工技术、销售与品牌建设等方面存在的问题,并针对山苍子产业遇到的难题提出今后发展的对策及建议,以便正确认识和把握山苍子产业的发展方向,为山苍子资源在后续形成资源科学优化配置、深度集约开发、综合高效利用的新局面提供参考依据。Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers.is a traditional essential oil tree species.In recent years,it has also been regarded as an oil or energy tree species.Vigorously developing L.cubeba planting can effectively improve the ecological environment and increase the income of farmers in poor mountainous areas.At present,the processing of L.cubeba resources is mainly extensive in China.To increase the added value of L.cubeba resources,new products must be developed,and at the same time more energy-saving and economical extraction methods and purification processes should be sought.This article reviewed the general situation and resource distribution.The chemical composition,physicochemical property of L.cubeba essential oil and its applications in synthetic perfume,food additives,medical care,biological control,food fresh keeping were introduced,as well as the fattyacid composition,physicochemical of L.cubeba kernel oil and its applications in pomace feedstuff,liquid biofuels and surfactant.And the extraction,separation and purification techonoly of essential oil and kernel oil of L.cubeba were analyzed,as well as the industry scale and condition of supply and demand.The problems in the L.cubeba industry in raw material collection,production and processing technology,sales and brand establishment were explained.And provided countermeasures and suggestions for the future development of the problems encountered by the L.cubeba industry.In order to correctly understand and grasp the development direction of the L.cubeba industry,it provided a reference basis for the formation of a new situation of scientifically optimized allocation of resources,in-depth intensive development,and comprehensive and efficient utilization of L.cubeba resources.

关 键 词：山苍子 精油 核仁油 产业发展 对策建议 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]