烧伤儿童心理康复治疗全国专家共识(2020版)  

National expert consensus on psychological rehabilitation of burn children(2020 version)

作　　者：无 黄跃生 谢卫国 雷芳 席毛毛 

机构地区：[1]中国老年医学学会烧创伤分会 [2]深圳市人民医院南方科技大学第一附属医院暨南大学第二临床医学院创面修复科,创面修复研究所,518020 [3]武汉大学同仁医院暨武汉市第三医院烧伤科,430060 [4]武汉大学同仁医院暨武汉市第三医院

出　　处：《中华烧伤杂志》2020年第11期987-992,共6页Chinese Journal of Burns

基　　金：湖北省卫生健康委员会科研基金(WJ2019M003);武汉市卫生健康委员会科研基金(WG18Q10、WG19B02)。

摘　　要：儿童烧伤后的心理应激与心理障碍发生率高,而心理健康状况对患儿的生命挽救、创面修复、功能及心理康复均有重要影响。目前烧伤儿童的心理障碍尚未引起普遍重视,相关的康复治疗措施也亟待规范。中国老年医学学会烧创伤分会组织国内相关领域专家,针对烧伤儿童心理障碍的诊断和治疗提出推荐意见,形成本共识。文中介绍了烧伤儿童心理应激及心理障碍的表现、常用评估量表及不同阶段的心理康复治疗要点。干预及治疗方法包括心理干预、行为疗法、认知疗法、认知行为疗法、游戏疗法、音乐及药物治疗,同伴支持与烧伤儿童夏令营对于烧伤儿童的心理康复及重返社会也有良好作用。心理干预和治疗应充分考虑不同年龄儿童的心智发育水平,并需要父母的密切参与及合作。此外,烧伤儿童的父母也常常发生应激反应和心理障碍,本文也提出了推荐性处理意见。The incidence of psychological stress and disorder in children after burns is high,and the mental health status highly affects the lifesaving,wound repair,and functional and psychological rehabilitation of the children.At present,the psychological disorder of burn children has not attracted enough attention and the relevant rehabilitation treatment measures also need to be standardized urgently.The Burn and Trauma Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society organized the related national experts to provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders in burn children,and the consensus is formulated.This article introduced the manifestations,common assessment scales,and key points of psychological rehabilitation therapies at different stages for the psychological stress and disorder of burn children.Effective interventions and treatments include psychological interventions,behavioral therapy,cognitive therapy,cognitive behavioral therapy,play therapy,music therapy,and medication.Peer support and summer camps for burn children are also beneficial for their psychological rehabilitation and re-entering to society.In the psychological intervention and treatment for the children,the mental development level of children in different ages must be taken into consideration,and the close participation and cooperation of the parents are needed.In addition,the parents of burn children often suffer from stress response and psychological disorders.Recommended treatments for the parents are also provided in this consensus.

关 键 词：烧伤 儿童 心理应激 心理障碍 心理康复 共识 

分 类 号：R64[医药卫生—外科学] R622+.1[医药卫生—临床医学]