黑河中游明花乡北部盐渍化地区土壤盐分特征分析  

Analysis of Soil Salinity Characteristics in Salinized Areas of Northern Minghua Township in the Middle Reaches of Heihe River

作　　者：高宗军 任晓辉 安永会[2] 吴玺[2] 赫明浩 刘久潭 GAO Zongjun;REN Xiaohui;AN Yonghui;WU Xi;HE Minghao;LIU Jiutan(College of Earth Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590;Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey,China Geological Survey,Baoding,Hebei 071051)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,河北保定071051

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第21期71-79,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查资助项目(DD20160292);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划资助项目(91025019)。

摘　　要：通过野外调查、取样及实验室分析,利用数理统计、相关性分析及主成分分析等方法对不同取样深度土壤中的全盐量、pH和八大离子(CO32-、HCO-3、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K++Na+)含量进行了分析,以期探明黑河中游明花乡北部盐渍化地区土壤盐分组成及可溶性盐分离子特征。结果表明:研究区土壤盐渍化严重,属于盐土,盐分含量呈现出表聚型特征;土壤pH范围在8.56~9.64,属于强碱性土壤,pH随土壤深度的增加而增大;土壤中阳离子以K++Na+为主,阴离子以Cl-、SO42-为主;在各段土层中全盐量始终与K++Na+、Cl-、SO42-呈极显著正相关;土壤盐分组成主要以氯化物和硫酸盐为主,随着土壤深度的增大,氯化物在全盐量中的含量不断减小,与此同时硫酸盐在全盐量中的含量逐渐增大;全盐量、K++Na+、Cl-、SO42-是表征研究区土壤盐渍化的特征因子。In order to find out the salt composition of the soil and characteristics of soluble salt ions in the salinization area in the north of Minghua township,the middle reaches of Heihe river.Through field investigation,sampling and laboratory analysis,the total salinity,pH and contents of eight major ions(CO32-,HCO-3,Cl-,SO42-,Ca2+,Mg2+,K++Na+) in soil at different sampling depths were analyzed by mathematical statistics,correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that the soil salinization in the study area was serious and belonged to saline soil.The salt content showed surface aggregation characteristics.pH of the soil was between 8.56 and 9.64,which belonged to strong alkaline soil.pH increased with the increase of soil depth.The cations in the soil were mainly K++Na+,and the anions were mainly Cl- and SO42-.The total salt content in each soil layer was always significantly positively correlated with K++Na+,Cl-,SO42-.The main components of soil salt were chloride and sulfate.As the soil depth increases,the content of chloride in the total salt content decreased continuously,while the content of sulfate in the total salt content increased gradually.The total salt content,K++Na+,Cl-,SO42- was the characteristic factor for characterizing soil salinization in the study area.

关 键 词：盐渍化 土壤盐分 主成分分析 明花乡 黑河中游 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]