叶面喷施KH2PO4对黑果枸杞果实产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Foliar Spraying KHPO on Fruit Yield and Quality of Lycium ruthenium

作　　者：李栋[1] 李德宏 刘济雨 张晓玮 何静[1] 李捷[1] LI Dong;LI Dehong;LIU Jiyu;ZHANG Xiaowei;HE Jing;LI Jie(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第21期103-108,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(18JR3RA177);甘肃农业大学林学院中青年科技资助项目;国家林业局948资助项目(2011-4-29)。

摘　　要：以盛果期黑果枸杞植株为试材,采用叶面喷施的方法,设置1‰、2‰、3‰、4‰、5‰共5个浓度KH2PO4处理,以喷施清水为对照,测定了平均单株产量、鲜果百粒质量、果实横纵径、多糖含量、总糖含量、维生素C含量、总酸含量、花色苷含量、黄酮含量和叶片叶绿素含量等指标,以期为提高栽培条件下黑果枸杞果实产量与品质提供参考依据。结果表明:叶面喷施KH2PO4均能显著提高黑果枸杞单株产量、鲜果百粒质量、多糖、总糖、维生素C含量、总酸含量、花色苷含量、黄酮含量以及叶片光合色素含量,但对果实横纵径及果型指数影响不显著。喷施2‰KH2PO4溶液时对单株产量、鲜果百粒质量、维生素C含量、总酸含量、花色苷含量、叶绿素a含量和叶绿素b含量提升最大,喷施3‰KH2PO4溶液多糖含量、总糖含量、黄酮含量和类胡萝卜素含量提升最大。综合分析后认为,在生产上建议在展叶期开始,每月叶面喷施1次浓度为2‰KH2PO4溶液直至果实成熟为最佳施用方案。Using Lycium ruthenium at full fruit stage as test material,five concentrations of KH2PO4(1‰,2‰,3‰,4‰ and 5‰) were treated by foliar spraying.The hundred weight of fresh fruit,the yield per plant,fruit diameter,polysaccharide content,total sugar content,vitamin C content,total acid content,anthocyanin content,flavonoid content and chlorophyll content of L.ruthenium were measured,and with sprayed water as control,In order to provide reference for improving the yield and quality of Lycium ruthenicum under cultivation conditions.The results showed that foliar spraying with KH2PO4 could increase the hundred fresh fruit weight,the yield per plant,polysaccharide content,total sugar content,vitamin C content,total acid content,anthocyanin content,flavonoid content and chlorophyll content,but had no significant effect on fruit diameter and the fruit type.The yield per plant,hundred fresh fruit weight,vitamin C content,total acid content,anthocyanin content,chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll b content were the highest when spraying 2‰ KH2PO4 solution,while the polysaccharide content,total sugar content,and carotenoid content were the highest when spraying 3‰ KH2PO4 solution.After comprehensive analysis,the best application scheme for L.ruthenium is spraying 2‰ KH2PO4 solution once a month and begin at the leaf development period until the fruit mature.

关 键 词：磷酸二氢钾 叶面喷施 单株产量 枸杞多糖 花色苷 

分 类 号：S567.1[农业科学—中草药栽培]