菜豆属野生资源概述  

The Wild Germplasm Resources of Phaseolus L.

作　　者：常玉洁 王兰芬[1] 王述民[1] 武晶[1] CHANG Yu-jie;WANG Lan-fen;WANG Shu-min;WU Jing(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第6期1424-1434,共11页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：农作物种质资源保护与利用专项(NWB036-07);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-08);中国农业科学院科技创新工程。

摘　　要：菜豆属野生种质资源十分丰富,至今已发现约80多个物种,其中有5个物种得到驯化,分别为普通菜豆、利马豆、多花菜豆、宽叶菜豆和丛林菜豆。经过驯化的菜豆属栽培种对高温、干旱、病虫害等影响相对敏感,而菜豆属野生资源具有良好的适应性和抗性,在应对生物和非生物胁迫方面具有突出表现。因此,野生资源对菜豆属遗传改良具有积极作用,是栽培菜豆遗传改良的重要资源。本文阐述了菜豆属野生资源的分类情况,详细介绍了不同类群菜豆属野生资源的形态特征和地理分布等。同时,综述了5个驯化物种的进化、驯化和遗传相关的研究进展,重点介绍了驯化起源、遗传多样性、遗传机制、驯化性状及重要性状基因定位等方面。此外,本文还总结了菜豆属野生资源的利用现状。最后,针对菜豆属种质资源的研究现状,展望了未来菜豆属野生资源的研究方向,以期为菜豆属野生资源的深入挖掘及其在遗传改良中的利用提供指导。The wild germplasm resources of Phaseolus L.are abundant and more than 80 species have been discovered until now.Among them,a total of 5 species have been domesticated,including Phaseolus vulgaris L.,P.lunatus L.,P.coccineus L.,P.acutifolius A.Gray and P.dumosus Macfad.These domesticated species of Phaseolus L.are generally sensitive to the high temperature,drought,pests and diseases,etc.However,the wild germplasms of Phaseolus L.have better adaptability and resistance,which is displayed in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses.Therefore,wild germplasms have a positive effect on the genetic improvement and become important resources for the genetic improvement of cultivated Phaseolus L.This article introduced the classification of wild germplasm resources of Phaseolus L.,and further described the morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of the wild Phaseolus L.of different groups.Meanwhile,this article reviewed the research progress of the evolution,domestication and genetic aspects in five domesticated species of Phaseolus L.,including the origin of domestication,genetic diversity,genetic mechanism,domestication traits and genetic loci of the important traits,etc.In addition,the utilization of wild germplasm resources of Phaseolus L.was also summarized.Finally,we proposed suggestions about the future research direction of the wild resources of Phaseolus L.based on the current research status of the germplasm resources in Phaseolus L.We hope that this paper could provide guidance for the further excavation of wild resources and their utilization in genetic improvement of Phaseolus L..

关 键 词：菜豆属 野生资源 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S643.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]