野生烟种质资源的遗传多样性分析及抗病性鉴定  

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance Tests of Wild Tobacco Germplasm Resources

作　　者：刘国祥 李媛 王俊 冯全福[1] 戴培刚[1] 王琰琰 蒋勋 张钊 佟英[1] 张兴伟[1] LIU Guo-xiang;LI Yuan;WANG Jun;FENG Quan-fu;DAI Pei-gang;WANG Yan-yan;JIANG Xun;ZHANG Zhao;TONG Ying;ZHANG Xing-wei(Institute of Tobacco Research of CAAS,Qingdao 266101;Deyang Tobacoo Company of Sichuan Province,Deyang 618000)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101 [2]四川省德阳市烟草公司,德阳618000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第6期1549-1560,共12页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC01);农作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2020NWB038);国家作物种质资源库(NCGRC-2020-18);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2017BC022);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610232019008);中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC201903)。

摘　　要：为了提高野生烟种质资源的开发利用效率,本研究利用表型性状和SSR分子标记技术对30份野生烟种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,30份种质资源表型性状具有丰富的变异类型,遗传多样性指数(H′)的变幅为0.831~1.955,其中节距的多样性指数最高,叶宽和叶长次之。16对SSR引物共检测到98个等位基因,平均为6.125,Shannon信息指数(I)、期望杂合度(He)、观测杂合度(Ho)、多态性信息含量(PIC)的均值分别为1.5425、0.7596、0.2404、0.8668。聚类分析和群体结构分析显示供试材料可分为4个类群,分类结果大致相同,各类群聚集的地域性规律较明显。利用这16对引物构建了30个野生烟种质的指纹图谱,为野生烟种质资源鉴定体系的研究奠定理论基础。抗病性鉴定发现,N.exigua Wheeler等7份种质表现为抗黑胫病;N.nesophila Johnston高抗青枯病,N.debneyi Domin和N.stocktonii Brandegee抗青枯病;N.alata Link&Otto等5份种质对烟草花叶病免疫;N.alata Link&Otto等9份种质抗黄瓜花叶病;N.debneyi Domin等15份种质抗马铃薯Y病。本研究可为野生烟种质资源的鉴定评价、种质创新和优异基因发掘奠定基础。In order to improve the exploration and utilization efficiency of wild tobacco germplasm resource,the genetic diversity of 30 wild tobacco accessions was accessed by phenotypic variations and SSR molecular markers.The results revealed abundant phenotypic variations at each of traits,with the genetic diversity index of 0.831 to 1.955.Among them,the diversity index of node distance was the highest,followed by leaf width and length.The marker analysis using 16 pairs of SSR primers detected 98 alleles with an average of 6.125.The mean value of Shannon information index(I),expected heterozygosity(He),observed heterozygosity(Ho)and Polymorphic information content(PIC)were 1.5425,0.7596,0.2404 and 0.8668,respectively.The cluster analysis and population structure analysis roughly suggested four groups,likely coincidence with the geographical collection sites.Sixteen SSR markers were used to construct the fingerprints of 30 wild tobacco accessions,which laid a theoretical foundation for the research on the identification system of wild tobacco accessions.Moreover,tests for disease resistance suggested seven accessions including N.exigua Wheeler were resistant to black shank disease.The species N.nesophila Johnston were highly resistance to bacterial wilt,while N.debneyi Domin and N.stocktonii Brandegee were resistant.Five accessions including N.alata Link&Otto were immune to TMV.Nine accessions including N.alata Link&Otto were resistant to CMV,and 15 accessions including N.debneyi Domin were resistant to PVY.This study established foundation for the identification and evaluation,germplasm resources innovation and explored excellent gene of wild tobacco resources.

关 键 词：野生烟 种质资源 遗传多样性 抗病性鉴定 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]