中印南瓜远缘杂交种自交系耐热性评价  

Evaluation of Heat Tolerance in Recombination Inbred Lines Derived from Inter-specific Hybrids of Cucurbita moschata Duch.×Cucurbita maximam Duch.

作　　者：宋慧[1] 王迎儿[1] 古斌权[1] 李林章[1] 黄芸萍[1] 张香琴[1] SONG Hui;WANG Ying-er;GU Bin-quan;LI Lin-zhang;HUANG Yun-ping;ZHANG Xiang-qin(Institute of Vegetable,Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Ningbo City Breeding of Cucurbitaceous Vegetables,Ningbo 315040)

机构地区：[1]宁波市农业科学研究院蔬菜研究所/宁波市瓜菜育种重点实验室,宁波315040

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第6期1577-1585,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：宁波市公益类科技计划项目(202002N3001);国家自然科学基金(31572142,31000907);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403032)。

摘　　要：以母本中国南瓜(Cucurbita moschata Duch.)MO和父本印度南瓜(Cucurbita maxima Duch.)MA为对照,通过测定热胁迫前后植株叶片的相对电导率(E)、计算伤害率(RI)以及正向超亲优势PHA值和负向超亲优势NHA值,对36个中(MO)×印(MA)南瓜远缘杂交新种质的F5和F6自交系进行耐热性评价。结果显示,RI对材料耐热性差异区分度高,与植株耐热表型结果吻合,与植物耐热性负相关,可直观评价中印南瓜远缘杂种后代耐热性。供试南瓜材料在热处理之后,相对电导率(E)均升高,表明热处理破坏了叶片细胞膜;不同材料之间相对电导率增加幅度不同,表明材料间细胞膜热稳定性存在差异。中国南瓜MO比印度南瓜MA耐热性强,其RI值分别为0.24±0.10和0.65±0.29。以MO和MA的RI值为阈值,共筛选到16个耐热株系(PHA值为-8.3%^-87.5%,平均值为-54.1%,PHA绝对值越大,正向超亲优势越明显),14个不耐热株系(NHA值为3%~40%,平均值为24.3%),及6个耐热性介于亲本之间的株系。供试材料整体上的耐热性呈两级分化,耐热性增强效果明显。F4的耐热性存在分离,18SH和18SE的后代耐热性增强,18SF耐热性减弱。以RI值0.15为阈值,筛选到13个表现出超亲优势的耐热株系,包括源于18SH的10个F5株系,2个源于18SE的F5株系和1个源于18FB的F6株系。筛选的耐热优系,为培育适宜越夏栽培的耐热印度南瓜新品种提供有价值的亲本。In order to clarify the heat tolerance of F5 and F6 inbred lines derived from inter-specific hybrids of Cucurbita moschata(MO)×Cucurbita maxima(MA),the relative electrical conductivity(E)was measured before and after heat stress treatment,followed by the calculation of the rate of injury(RI),positive hyperparental advantage(PHA)and negative hyperparental advantage(NHA).The results showed that RI represented higher detection sensitivity and negative correlation with heat tolerance.The outcomes in tested inbred lines were coincident with the phenotyping results.The heat stress treatment resulted in elevated E value in inbred lines,suggesting a damage on the leaf cell membrane.The RI value of MO and MA were 0.24±0.10 and 0.65±0.29,respectively.Sixteen and fourteen inbred lines showing heat tolerant and sensitive respectively,as well as six with moderate heat tolerance were identified.The heat tolerance trait was polarization among 36 tested inbred lines,and the tolerance enhance effective was obvious.The heat tolerance of three F4 lines were differing.The F5 offspring of 18SH and 18SE showed enhanced heat tolerance,whereas the F5 offspring of 18SF represented decreased heat tolerance.By taking the RI value of 0.15 as the threshold value,13 heat tolerance inbred lines with higher PHA value were selected,including ten F5 inbred lines derived from 18SH,two F5 derived from 18SE,and one F6 derived from 18FB.Collectively,these heat-tolerant lines might provide the germplasm basis in breeding for Cucurbita maxima Duch.cultivars breeding suitable for over-summer farming.

关 键 词：中国南瓜 印度南瓜 种间杂种 耐热性 细胞质 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]