澳门全面控烟政策对内陆控烟启示与建议  

Comprehensive tobacco control in Macao Special Administrative Region and its enlightenment to tobacco control in China's Mainland

作　　者：曾理 蒋俊男 王雪峰 钟正东 项莉[1] ZENG Li;JIANG Jun-nan;WANG Xue-feng(School of Medicine and Health Management,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院,湖北武汉430040

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第11期1615-1619,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71573095)。

摘　　要：目的分析澳门全面控烟政策实施效果及经验,为实现内陆有效控烟提出对策建议。方法于2019年4月运用史密斯模型对澳门6项控烟政策(MPOWER)实施效果进行分析,对澳门官网相关控烟数据进行描述性分析。结果澳门成人烟草使用率为12.2%(2017年),青少年烟草使用率为6.1%(2015年),2018年控烟执法巡查场所增长至341951个,年检控个案下降至5613例,澳门居民违法吸烟行为占比29.8%。结论澳门在法律制定、机构执行、目标群体干预以及环境建设方面均取得较好成果,对内陆控烟具有借鉴意义。Objective To analyze the effect and experience of comprehensive tobacco control in Macao Special Administrative Region(Macao),and to put forward suggestions for effective tobacco control in China.Methods We collected data on the implementation of MPOWER(monitoring tobacco consumption and the effectiveness of preventive measures,protecting people from tobacco smoke,offering help to quit tobacco use,warning about the dangers of tobacco,enforcing bans on tobacco advertising,promotion and sponsorship,and raising taxes on tobacco)package and efficiency of tobacco control in Macao and analyzed the data based on Smith model in April 2019.Results In Macao,the tobacco use rate among the adults was 12.2%in 2017 and was 6.1%among the adolescents in 2015.In 2018,the number of sites under the tobacco control law enforcement inspection increased to 341951 and the annual number of smoking-related prosecution cases decreased to 5613.For all the persons having illegal smoking behaviors inspected in 2018,only 29.8%were permanent residents in Macao.Conclusion Remarkable effects of comprehensive tobacco controlled have been achieved in legislation,appointed responsible institutions,targeted intervention,and smoke-free environment construction in Macao and these experiences could be used as references for tobacco control in China.

关 键 词：澳门控烟 MPOWER 史密斯模型 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]