徐州市某区冠心病患者流感疫苗接种情况及影响因素分析  

Influenza vaccination and its associates among coronary heart disease patients in urban communities of Xuzhou city:a cross-sectional analysis

作　　者：石春雷[1] 宋晓哲[1] 常桂秋[2] 余加席[2] 毕俊[1] 刘东升 杨建亮 娄培安[4] SHI Chun-lei;SONG Xiao-zhe;CHANG Gui-qiu(Department for Disease Prevention and Control,Xuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province 221006,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]徐州市疾病预防控制中心疾控科,江苏徐州221006 [2]徐州市疾病预防控制中心办公室 [3]徐州市鼓楼区疾病预防控制中心办公室 [4]徐州市疾病预防控制中心慢病科

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第11期1628-1632,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：中华预防医学会慢性病与免疫预防实践探索项目(2018-2019)。

摘　　要：目的了解冠心病患者对流感、流感疫苗认知及接种情况,探讨影响冠心病患者接种疫苗的相关影响因素。方法选取江苏省徐州市鼓楼区为项目试点区。于2018年8月-9月,采用随机整群抽样的方式,从下辖的7个社区卫生服务中心,随机抽取3家,将在管的冠心病患者全部纳入研究。logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果收回有效问卷1711份,问卷有效回收率为93.70%。其中既往接种过流感疫苗者74人,未接种过流感疫苗者1637人,既往接种率为4.32%。logistic回归分析显示,共同居住者的高文化程度可增加接种率(OR=0.733);不了解流感的预防措施(OR=4.012)、不了解流感疫苗对冠心病患者的保护作用(OR=1.970)及不知晓流感病毒可诱发病毒性肺炎(OR=2.196)是降低流感疫苗接种率的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论徐州市鼓楼区冠心病患者的流感疫苗接种率偏低。影响因素主要为共同居住者的文化程度及患者本人对流感、流感疫苗的知晓情况。在后期健康宣教中,对患者进行健康宣教的同时也应加强同伴教育,且宣教知识应“量身打造”,有针对性。Objective To examine the cognition on influenza and influenza vaccine and the vaccination of influenza vaccine and its related factors among community coronary heart disease(CHD)patients.Methods We conducted a face-toface survey with a self-designed questionnaire in an urban district of Xuzhou city,Jiangsu province during August-September 2018.The participants of the survey were 1826 CHD patients registered in 3 community healthcare service centers selected by random cluster sampling.Binary logistic regression analysis was adopted to explore influencing factors of influenza vaccination.Results Among the respondents with valid information were collected from 1711(93.70%)of the CHD patients;of them,only 74 had previous vaccination of influenza vaccine,with a self-reported vaccination rate of 4.32%.The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that the respondents living with someone having higher education were more likely to have influenza vaccine vaccination(odds ratio[OR]=0.733);while,the respondents without some knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine were less likely to have influenza vaccine vaccination:being not aware of influenza prevention measures(OR=4.012),the protective effect of influenza vaccine on CHD patients(OR=1.970),and that influenza virus could cause viral pneumonia(OR=2.196)(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion The influenza vaccination rate is relatively low among community patients with coronary heart disease in a district of Xuzhou city and the patients′vaccination are mainly influenced by their knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine and their cohabitants′education.The results suggest that targeted health education on influenza vaccination should be promoted among both the patients and their cohabitants.

关 键 词：流感疫苗 接种率 冠心病 LOGISTIC回归分析 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]