粪便对食用菌渣堆肥中碳氮转化的影响  

Effect of animal manures on the conversion of carbon and nitrogen in edible fungi residue compost

作　　者：王定美[1,2] 麦力文 杨霞 林蕊[1,2] 陈新富 李勤奋 WANG Dingmei;MAI Liwen;YANG Xia;LIN Rui;CHEN Xinfu;LI Qinfen(Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou Hainan 571101;Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-circular Agriculture,Haikou Hainan 571101;Faculty of Tropical and Laboratory Medicine,Hainan Medical University,Haikou Hainan 571199)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [2]海南省热带生态循环农业重点实验室,海南海口571101 [3]海南医学院热带医学与检验医学院,海南海口571199

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第11期1368-1374,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(No.1630042017001);福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室(福建农林大学)开放课题(No.2020FPKLSEHR01)。

摘　　要：为了探究粪便对食用菌渣(以下简称菌渣)堆肥进程的影响,分别设置初始碳氮质量比(C/N)均为32.00的菌渣+冷性粪(牛粪)、菌渣+温性粪(猪粪)、菌渣+热性粪(鸡粪)3个处理,并以纯菌渣作为对照,分析不同处理中的碳氮转化进程。结果表明:鸡粪促进菌渣堆肥碳氮物质矿化进程的效果最好,堆肥过程中最高温度、总积温、铵态氮质量浓度依次为65.03℃、3095.42℃、10.73 g/kg,堆肥后硝态氮、全氮质量分数、氮固定率分别为9.37 g/kg、2.53%、95.7%,有机质质量分数和C/N分别降低20.8%、48.8%。牛粪促进菌渣堆肥腐殖化进程的效果最佳,堆肥结束后,腐殖化率、腐殖化指数、胡富比分别为31.6%、20.56%、1.87,分别是初始值的1.35、1.76、1.86倍。In order to investigate the effect of animal manures on edible fungi residue(hereinafter referred to as fungi residue)compost,fungi residue+cold dung(cow manure),fungi residue+warm dung(pig manure),fungi residue+thermal manure(chicken manure)with the initial C/N(mass ratio)of 32.00 were set and pure fungi residue was used as a control to analyze the carbon and nitrogen conversion process in different treatments.The results indicated that chicken manure treatment had the best effect on carbon and nitrogen mineralization,its highest temperature,total accumulated temperature and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in composting process were 65.03℃,3095.42℃and 10.73 g/kg,respectively.In the finished chicken manure compost,ammoniacal nitrogen,mass fraction of total nitrogen and nitrogen fixation rate were 9.37 g/kg,2.53%,95.7%,respectively,mass fraction of organic matter and C/N deceased 20.8%,48.8%.Cow manure had the best effect on promoting the humification process of compost.After the composting,the humification rate,humification index,and the ratio of humic acid and fulvic acid were 31.6%,20.56%and 1.87,respectively,which were 1.35,1.76,1.86 times the initial value.

关 键 词：粪便 食用菌渣 堆肥 碳氮转化 腐殖化 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]