古藏语作格的系统功能语言学分析  

A Systemic Functional Interpretation of Ergativity in Classical Tibetan

作　　者：王品[1] Wang Pin(School of Foreign Languages,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《语言科学》2020年第6期660-669,共10页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：系统功能语言学理论框架下的古藏语作格相关问题主要包括作格助词的概念功能、古藏语小句的语态、以及古藏语小句的核心及外围成分。作格助词主要用以识别小句中的施事,标示方式、原因等概念功能,具有提示环境成分的作用。古藏语小句不区分主动语态与被动语态,小句的语态按照施事的存在与否分为中动态和施效态两种。施效态根据小句中是否存在显性的媒介而分为实现类与非实现类。古藏语小句的核心由过程和媒介构成,外围是由助词提示的环境成分;施事因有时不加作格标记,因而位于中间过渡地带。The systemic functional account of the ergative pattern in Classical Tibetan concerns the various ideational functions of the ergative particle,the voice,and the nucleus and periphery of Classical Tibetan clause.The major function of the ergative case particle is to identify the Agent,Manner,and Cause in a clause,giving them features of Circumstance.Classical Tibetan clauses do not distinguish between active and passive voice,and thus the voice system adopts the distinction between middle and effective depending on the absence or presence of Agent.The effective voice further splits into actualized and non-actualized types according to whether there is an explicit Medium,the participant through which the Process is actualized.Classical Tibetan clauses have Process and Medium as their nucleus,and Circumstances identified by particles in the periphery;the Agent sits in between as it is not always marked by an ergative particle.

关 键 词：古藏语 作格 系统功能语言学 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]