复杂银-锡多金属矿黝铜矿矿物学与选矿工艺  

The mineralogy of tetrahedrite and beneficiation technology on complex Ag-Snpolymetallic ore

作　　者：梁冬云 邱显扬 胡真 李波 洪秋阳 LIANG Dong-yun;QIU Xian-yang;HU Zhen;LI Bo;HONG Qiu-yang(State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510650,China;Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China)

机构地区：[1]稀有金属分离与综合利用国家重点实验室,广东广州510650 [2]广东省科学院资源综合利用研究所,广东广州510650

出　　处：《矿物学报》2020年第6期695-700,共6页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项资金项目(编号:2017GDASCX-0301);广东省科技计划项目(编号:2017B030314046)。

摘　　要：赋存于锡多金属矿中的银元素具有独特的矿物学特征。内蒙古银漫银-锡多金属矿中约90%的银赋存于以黝铜矿为主的铜矿物中。本文针对黝铜矿的矿物学特征及对选矿工艺的影响进行研究,结果表明,黝铜矿的骨架状晶体结构,结构紧密程度较差,元素之间类质同象容量大,使得其成为银离子的天然聚集物,该矿石中铜的回收制约着银的回收。黝铜矿晶体中存在Cu+、Cu2+、Ag+、Zn2+、Fe2+、Sb3+、As3+、S2-等离子,在浮选体系中,晶体结构紧密程度较差的黝铜矿中离子相对其他矿物更易于从晶体结构位置上被带出,多种离子进入溶液,增加了矿浆中的难免离子,而且随着离子的氧化和水合作用,将使黝铜矿的可浮性变差。因此,优先浮铜有利于铜(银)的回收。Silver in tin polymetallic ore has unique mineralogical feature.There are about 90%of the silver occurs in copper minerals dominated by tetrahedrite on Ag-Sn polymetallic ore in Inner Mongolia.In this paper,the mineralogical characteristics of tetrahedrite in the ore and their relationship with mineral processing are studied.The results indicate that the skeleton crystal structure of tetrahedrite has a poor compact structure and a large capacity of similarity between elements,which makes it a natural aggregation of silver ions.The recovery of copper in the ore restricts the recovery of silver.Because of there are a lot of Cu+,Cu2+,Ag+,Zn2+,Fe2+,Sb3+,As3+,S2-in tetrahedrite crystal,compared with other mineral,the ions of tetrahedrite are more easy to be gone out from the crystal structure in flotation system.These ions will increase the complicacy of ore pulp and will make the flotability of tetrahedrite is poor,along with the ions oxide and hydration.Cu-preferential flotation is beneficial to improve the copper(silver)recovery.

关 键 词：银锡多金属矿 银赋存状态 黝铜矿 骨架状晶体结构 优先浮铜 

分 类 号：P579[天文地球—矿物学] TD95[天文地球—地质学]