石家庄大气能见度与颗粒物污染及相对湿度的关系  

Relationship between atmospheric visibility and particulate matter pollution in addition to relative humidity in Shijiazhuang

作　　者：关亚楠[1,2] 张博信 倪爽英 王洪华 卢晶晶 韩静 赵玉广[4] 段二红 侯立安 GUAN Ya-nan;ZHANG Bo-xin;NI Shuang-ying;WANG Hong-hua;LU Jing-jing;HAN Jing;ZHAO Yu-guang;DUAN Er-hong;HOU Li-an(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Volatile Organic Compounds and Odorous Pollution Control,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;Hebei Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050030,China;Hebei Environmental Meteorological Center,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Logistics Science and Technology Research Institute of Rocket Army,Beijing 100011,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,石家庄050018 [2]挥发性有机物与恶臭污染防治国家地方联合工程研究中心,石家庄050018 [3]河北省环境科学研究院,石家庄050030 [4]河北省环境气象中心,石家庄050011 [5]火箭军后勤科学技术研究所,北京100011

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2020年第5期2001-2008,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：教育部“蓝火计划”(惠州)产学研联合创新资金2017年度项目(CXZJHZ201717);河北省重点研发计划项目(19273711D);石家庄市重点研发计划项目(191240273A);河北科技大学校立基金项目(1182210)。

摘　　要：利用2016年10月—2017年6月石家庄市能见度、相对湿度、颗粒物质量浓度逐时观测资料和同期颗粒物膜采样数据,分析石家庄市大气能见度与颗粒物污染及相对湿度(Relative Humidity,RH)的关系。结果表明,石家庄市大气能见度与颗粒物质量浓度呈幂函数关系,且二者相关性呈现季节变化,影响从高到低依次为冬季、春季、秋季、夏季;石家庄市大气能见度与相对湿度呈指数函数关系。细颗粒物质量浓度与相对湿度共同影响石家庄市大气能见度变化,较低相对湿度下(RH<80%),能见度主要受PM2.5质量浓度影响;较高湿度条件下(RH≥80%),能见度恶化主要是由于RH增加造成颗粒物吸湿性增大,导致其散射效率非线性增大。观测期间,石家庄市大气消光系数年均值为(653.5±521.9)Mm-1,有机物(Organic Matter,OM)、元素碳(Elemental Carbon,EC)、NH4NO3、(NH4)2SO4对大气能见度消光贡献率年平均为33.3%、8.3%、25.7%和32.7%。This paper intends to make an analysis of the relationship between the atmospheric visibility and the particulate matters’pollution in addition to the relative humidity of the urban area of Shijiazhuang.For the said purpose,the present paper has collected and analyzed the visibility,the particulate matter concentration rate,and the online data of the relative humidity(RH) of the city from October,2016 to June,2017.And,then,we have analyzed the correlation among the atmospheric visibility,the particulate matter concentration and the relative humidity by quoting the online data.Besides,the particulate offline samples have been collected during the same period,with the carbon and ionic components of the particulate matters being analyzed and determined by using the OCEC carbon aerosol analyzer and the ion chromatography.What is more,the aerosol extinction coefficients of the city has also been calculated and worked out via the aerosol extinction calculation formulas from the IMPROVE (short for the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environment) research program.The results of our calculation indicate that the relation between the atmospheric visibility and the particulate matter concentration can help to illustrate a power function with the seasonal changes characteristic being as winter>spring>autumn>summer,which turns out to be exponentially related to the relative humidity in the city.What is more,the concentration rate of the fine particles and the relative humidity may affect the change of the atmospheric visibility of the city sphere,whose visibility has been mainly affected byρ(PM2.5) under a low relative humidity (RH<80%).Under the high relative humidity (RH≥80%),the deterioration of the visibility has been likely influenced by a nonlinear increase of the light scattering resulted by the increase of the particulate matter hygroscopicity with the relative increase of humidity,with the division found in a rate of 65μg/m3from the fitting curve.At the same time,quick improvement in the visibility c

关 键 词：环境学 大气能见度 颗粒物质量浓度 相对湿度 大气消光 石家庄 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]