全民公投与瑞士—欧盟“框架协议”  

National Referendum and Switzerland-EU Institutional Framework Agreement

作　　者：唐虹[1] TANG Hong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2020年第5期116-135,I0005,共21页Chinese Journal of European Studies

摘　　要：2016年以来瑞士与欧盟“框架协议”谈判几经起伏、一直悬而未决,瑞士的“全民公投”成为左右局势的重要因素,引发欧洲内外的关注。在与欧盟的不断融合中,瑞士在社会发展特别是捍卫国家自主权力与独特的政治传统及价值体系等方面遭遇前所未有的挑战。本文将从全球化与民族国家及民主政治的“三难选择”、全球化与直接民主权利的行使等视角出发,分析“全民公投”在事关瑞士与欧盟未来关系的“框架协议”决策中扮演的角色,探讨“直接民主”挑战稳定共识为标志的“精英”决策模式的原因、“直接民主”在瑞士与欧盟关系的决策中发挥作用的可能性和局限性,以及瑞士“全民公投”可能给欧洲乃至世界其他国家及公民的启示:在未来我们究竟需要一种什么样的全球化以及究竟应该由谁来做出最后的选择和决定。The negotiations between Switzerland and the EU on an institutional framework agreement have undergone ups and downs since 2016,in the process of which the national referendum in Switzerland has become a decisive factor.Along with its deepening interaction and integration with the EU,Switzerland has encountered unprecedented challenges in its social development and especially in the defense of its autonomous powers and its unique political traditions and values.From the perspectives of the“political trilemma”between globalization,nation state and democratic politics and of the relationship between globalization and the exercise of direct democracy,this paper analyzes the role of Swiss national referendum in the Switzerland-EU Institutional Framework Agreement which will determine the future relationship between these two sides.It as well discusses the reasons why referendum could pose a threat to the Swiss model of“consensus democracy”,the possibility and limitation of the influences that referendum could exert on Switzerland’s EU policy,and the possible implications that we could draw from the Swiss case about which type of globalization that we really need and who should have the final say on this issue.

关 键 词：“三难选择” 瑞士 欧盟 “框架协议” 全民公投 

分 类 号：D852.2[政治法律—政治学] D814.1[政治法律—外交学]