云南省绿春县胡椒病害及丛枝菌根真菌的调查  

Investigation of pepper disease and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Lüchun County,Yunnan Province

作　　者：尼玛此姆 韩雨庭 唐婕 黄若霞 马焕成 伍建榕[1,2] Nimacimu;HAN Yuting;TANG Jie;HUANG Ruoxia;MA Huancheng;WU Jianrong(Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Higher Education Institutions/College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China/College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省高校森林灾害预警控制重点实验室/西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,昆明650224 [2]西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室/西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2020年第6期44-49,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860208,31360198,31560207);云南省高校林下生物资源保护与利用科技创新团队(2018KF02);云南省高校干热河谷植被恢复创新团队(218033)。

摘　　要：采集云南省红河州绿春县骑马坝乡的胡椒种植地的胡椒根系及土壤样品,进行胡椒瘟病的调查,计算胡椒瘟病的发病率与病情指数,并利用湿筛沉淀法、植株根部染色等方法对所选样地的胡椒根际及根部周围的丛枝菌根真菌的孢子密度、丰富度、多样性指数及菌根侵染率进行调查和计算。结果显示,当菌根侵染率最高(62.5%)时,孢子密度也最高,达到11.725个/g,胡椒瘟病的发病率和病情指数最低,分别为20%和9;当菌根侵染率和孢子密度最低为11%和2.475个/g时,胡椒瘟病的发病率和病情指数最高,分别为80%和53.5;相关性分析结果表明丛枝菌根真菌的孢子密度、丰富度和菌根侵染率与胡椒瘟病发病率和病情指数呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),即丛枝菌根真菌孢子的丰富度及孢子密度越大,菌根侵染率越高,胡椒瘟病的发病率就越低,病情指数也就越小。由此可看出,胡椒根系土壤中丛枝菌根真菌的存在能增强胡椒的抗病性,减少病害的发生。The pepper root system and soil samples were collected from the pepper planting area in Qimaba Township,Lüchun County,Honghe Prefecture,Yunnan Province.To investigate pepper phytophthora root rot and calculate its incidence and disease index,the spore density,richness,diversity index and mycorrhizal infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in the rhizosphere and around roots of pepper were investigated by wet-screen precipitation method and plant root staining.Then the final data were analyzed by using SPSS software.The results showed that when the mycorrhizal infection rate was the highest(62.5%),the spore density was also the highest,reaching 11.725 spores/g,the incidence and disease index of pepper phytophthora root rot were the lowest(20%and 9,respectively).When the mycorrhizal infection rate and spore density were the lowest(11%and 2.475 spores/g),the incidence and disease index of pepper phytophthora root rot were the highest at 80%and 53.5,respectively.The results of the correlation analysis showed that the spore density,richness and mycorrhizal infection rate of the AMF were negatively correlated with the incidence and the disease index of pepper phytophthora root rot.That is,the higher the abundance and density of AMF spore,the higher the mycorrhiza infection rate,the lower the incidence of pepper phytophthora root rot and the smaller the disease index.It can be seen that the existence of AMF in pepper root soil can enhance the disease resistance of pepper and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌(AMF) 胡椒瘟病 真菌多样性 胡椒 生物防治 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]