长江干流岸线类型遥感监测分析  

Remote sensing monitoring and analysis of shoreline types of Yangtze River

作　　者：殷守敬 吴传庆 乐松 余嘉琦 王楠 YIN Shoujing;WU Chuanqing;LE Song;YU Jiaqi;WANG Nan(Center for Satellite Application on Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100094,China;Information Center of Liangshan Environment Protection,Liangshan 615000,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094 [2]凉山州环境保护信息中心,四川凉山川615000

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第11期16-21,120,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“城乡生态环境综合监测空间信息服务及应用示范”(2017YFB0503902);国家自然科学基金项目“基于时序遥感影像异常检测的土地覆盖变化检测方法研究”(41401413)。

摘　　要：在深入分析目前河流岸线提取与分类方法的基础上,结合高空间分辨率遥感影像在岸线识别方面的优势,提出基于高分遥感影像的长江岸线位置提取方法与类型划分体系,并应用于2017年长江干流岸线监测。研究结果表明:长江干流生态岸线保有率约为57.6%,但湿地和自然滩地类型的生态岸线较少;岸线总体开发利用率约为38.6%,主要开发类型为农业、港口和工业等;从上游向下游,生态岸线率逐渐降低,港口和工业岸线率逐渐上升,而农业岸线在中游占比最高。建议加强生态岸线保护,逐步清退不合理岸线生产活动,实施岸线生态修复。This paper proposed a method of location extraction and type determination system for the Yangtze River shoreline based on high-resolution remote sensing image,by the analysis of current river shoreline extraction and classification methods,combined with the advantages of high spatial resolution remote sensing image in shoreline identification.Then the proposed monitoring system was applied to the monitoring of the Yangtze River shoreline in 2017.The results showed that the ecological shoreline retention rate of the main stream of the Yangtze River was about 57.6%,however the ecological shoreline of wetland and natural beach type was less.The overall utilization rate of the shoreline was about 38.6%,and the main use types were agriculture,port and industry.From the upstream to the downstream,the proportion of ecological shoreline gradually decreased and the proportions of port shoreline and industrial shoreline gradually increased,while the midstream had the highest proportion of agricultural shoreline.It is suggested to strengthen the protection of ecological shoreline,gradually eliminate unreasonable human activities and implement ecological restoration of shoreline.

关 键 词：岸线类型 遥感监测 岸线开发 长江干流 

分 类 号：TV212[水利工程—水文学及水资源]