硬粒小麦的选育与基因组研究及应用  

Breeding of Durum Wheat and Its Genomic Research and Application

作　　者：祁晓月 蒋勃 李新玲[1] 张延明[1] Qi Xiaoyue;Jiang Bo;Li Xinling;Zhang Yanming(Key Laboratory Molecular Cytogenetic and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province,College of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University,Harbin,150025)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省分子细胞遗传与遗传育种重点实验室,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第21期7044-7050,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0110400);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201435);哈尔滨师范大学硕士研究生创新项目(HSDSSCX2019-16)共同资助。

摘　　要：硬粒小麦(Triticum durum)又称通心粉小麦或杜伦小麦,是小麦属的一个种。其显著性特点是芒较长,多数为春性。是由A、B两个染色体组,28条染色体组成的四倍体小麦。作为一种重要的谷物,硬粒小麦具有抗旱、抗病等多种抗性基因,在小麦遗传育种和抗病性研究中具有重要的作用。本研究整理了硬粒小麦的选育、基因组研究进展及在小麦抗病性研究中的应用等内容。旨在为深入研究硬粒小麦基因组结构和功能特点,选育优良小麦品种提供理论依据。Triticum durum is a species of Triticum, also known as Durun wheat and macaroni wheat.. Its distinctive feature is long awn, most of which are spring. It is a tetraploid wheat composed of two chromosome groups, A and B,with 28 chromosomes. As an important cereal, durum wheat has a variety of resistance genes such as drought resistance and disease resistance, which plays an important role in wheat genetics and breeding, and disease resistance research. This article reviewed the breeding of durum wheat, the progress of genomic research, and its application in wheat disease resistance research. The purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for in-depth study of durum wheat genome structure and functional characteristics and breeding of excellent wheat varieties.

关 键 词：硬粒小麦 小麦 基因组 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]