杂交水稻亲本间遗传差异与杂种优势关系探讨  

Study on the Relationship between Genetic Difference and Heterosis of Hybrid Rice Parents

作　　者：李灿凤 朱旭东[1] 陈隆林 赵菊[1] 周清明[1] Li Canfeng;Zhu Xudong;Chen Longlin;Zhao Ju;Zhou Qingming(Colle of Agroomy,Hunan Agriculural Uniersity,Changsha,410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第21期7132-7142,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD301500)资助。

摘　　要：本研究选取5个不育系和16个恢复系为试验材料,采用程氏指数法对亲本的籼粳程度进行了判别,计算了组合间亲本的程氏指数差值,对亲本的程氏指数、亲本间程氏指数差值和亲本间程氏指数差值绝对值,对产量及产量主要构成性状的表型值、超父优势、对照优势与亲本的程氏指数、亲本间程氏指数差值及其绝对值的关系进行了分析。结果显示,亲本间程氏指数差值和亲本间程氏指数差值绝对值与部分性状的表型值、超父优势、对照优势呈显著或极显著相关,与单株产量呈正相关,但相关不显著。5个不育系与供试恢复系配组,恢复系程氏指数最适区间为5〜6,16个恢复系与供试不育系配组,不育系程氏指数最适宜区间为6〜8,供试亲本间程氏指数差值绝对值的最适区间为4〜6,亲本间程氏指数差值最适区间为1〜6。当恢复系和不育系程氏指数、亲本间程氏指数差值绝对值和亲本间程氏指数差值在上述区间时,所配组合的单株有效穗、每穗实粒数、结实率和单株产量几个产量主要性状表现优良,超父优势和对照优势强。In this st udy, 5 sterile lines and 16 recovery lines were selected as experimental materials. The indica-japonica degree of parents was determined by using Cheng’s index method, and the difference of Cheng’s index was calculated. For the absolute value of the pro-Ben’s Cheng’s index, the pro-Ben’s index difference, and the pro-Ben’s index difference, the relationship between the phenotype value, superfatherhood advantage, control advantage and parent’s Cheng’s index, parent’s index difference and its absolute value were analyzed. The results show that the absolute value of the index difference between the parents and the parents have a significant or significant correlation with the phenotype value, superfatherhood advantage, and control advantage of some traits,and is positively related to the yield of a single plant, but the correlation was not significant. The five sterile lines and the test recovery line group, the recovery line Cheng’s index is a suitable range of 5 to 6, 16 recovery lines and the test sterile line group, and the optimal range of the sterile line Cheng’s index is 6 to 8. The optimal interval of the absolute value of the index difference between the parents of the test is 4 to 6, and the optimal interval of the index difference between the parents is 1 to 6. When the difference between the recovery line and the sterile line Cheng’s index, the absolute value of the parent’s index, and the difference between the parent’s index is in the above interval. The main characters of effective ear, real grain number per ear, seed yield and yield per plant are good, and the super-dad advantage and control advantages were strong.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 亲本 程氏指数 籼粳差异 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]