感应钎焊工艺对钎缝组织和性能的影响  

Effect of induction brazing process on microstructure and properties of brazing seam

作　　者：张冠星 张雷 沈元勋 董宏伟 Zhang Guanxing;Zhang Lei;Shen Yuanxun;Dong Hongwei(Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals&Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司,新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点试验室,郑州450001

出　　处：《焊接》2020年第7期30-34,41,62,共7页Welding & Joining

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1904197);中原科技创新领军人才(ZYQR20180030);郑州市重大科技创新专项(2019CXZX0060)。

摘　　要：采用扫面电子显微镜、万能力学试验机等方式系统地研究了钎焊温度、钎剂用量、保温时间等工艺参数对硬质合金铣刀钎缝质量的影响。研究结果表明,高温对钎缝强度的损伤程度要明显高于低温的影响,钎剂在高温失效显著,无法对被焊区域进行有效保护,钎缝内部氧化明显,氧含量高达30%以上;被检区域内均出现氧元素的富集,富铜相的抗氧化能力明显弱于富银相;相同钎焊温度延长保温时间到5~6 s时,钎料在母材上的润湿性得到明显提高,钎焊接头抗拉强度达到410 MPa以上,但如继续延长保温时间,钎剂将失去保护能力,接头强度急剧下降;钎焊过程中钎剂涂敷量较大时,钎缝界面处易残留钎剂夹渣,影响接头性能,必须合理调控钎剂用量。Effects of brazing temperature,flux amount and holding time on quality of the brazing seam for hard alloy milling cutters were systematically researched through methods of scanning electron microscope and universal mechanical testing machine.The research results showed that the damage degree of high temperature to the strength of the brazing seam was significantly higher than that of low temperature.The main reason was that the flux began to fail at high temperature and did not effectively protect the brazed area.The internal oxidation phenomenon of the brazed seam was very obvious and the oxygen content was as high as more than 30%.The enrichment of oxygen occurred in the entire observation area,and the oxidation resistance of the copper-rich phase was significantly lower than that of the silver-rich phase.When extending the holding time to 5~6 s at the same brazing temperature,the wettability of brazing filler metal on the base metal was significantly improved and the tensile strength of the brazed joint reached above 410 MPa.However,if the holding time continued to increase,the flux would lose its protective ability and the strength of the joint would begin to decrease.When the amount of flux applied was larger,some flux slag appeared at the interface of the brazed joint,which would easily affect the performance of the joint.The amount of flux must be reasonably controlled.

关 键 词：钎焊工艺 银基钎料 微观组织 钎焊强度 缺欠 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接]