论涉外遗嘱法律选择方法之发展趋势  

On the Development Trend of Legal Selection Methods for Foreigner-related Wills

作　　者：杨灵一 YANG Ling-yi(School of Law,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期103-111,共9页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：传统的遗嘱冲突规范中仅有某一种客观连结点指引遗嘱准据法的选择,遗嘱法律关系整体受某一法律的支配,导致法律选择的机械性。目前,世界各国一般都采用多种方法选择涉外遗嘱的准据法,并通过变革连结点的方式软化遗嘱冲突规范,表现为:分割遗嘱法律关系,分别规定法律选择规则;采用惯常居所地为属人法的连结点;引入意思自治原则,允许并限制遗嘱人选择准据法;赋予法官选择具有更密切联系法律的自由裁量权,对不当法律选择予以矫正。涉外遗嘱法律选择方法由“简单”变得“复杂”、由“僵硬”变得“灵活”。In traditional conflict norms of wills,there is only one objective link to guide the choice of the proper law of wills,and the legal relationship of wills is dominated by a certain law as a whole,which leads to the mechanical choice of law.At present,countries across the world generally adopt a variety of methods to select the applicable law of foreigner-related wills,and soften the rules of will conflicts by changing the connection point,which is manifested as follows:dividing the legal relationship of the will and stipulating the choice of law rules respectively;adopting the habitual residence as the connecting point of the personal law;introducing the principle of autonomy of will to allow and restrict the testator to choose the applicable law;and giving the judge the discretion to choose a more closely related law,and correcting improper legal choices.As such,the method of legal choice for foreigner-related wills has changed from“simple”to“complex”as well as from“rigid”to“flexible”.

关 键 词：涉外遗嘱 法律选择 分割方法 意思自治原则 属人法 

分 类 号：D912.29[政治法律—民商法学]