甘南州2009-2018年非生产性农药中毒流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of nonproductive pesticide poisoning in Gannan from 2009 to 2018

作　　者：李珍 赵海龙 LI Zhen;ZHAO Hai-long(Gannan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu 747000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘南州疾病预防控制中心,甘肃甘南藏族自治州747000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2020年第5期744-746,749,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解甘南州非生产性农药中毒的特点,为减少和控制农药中毒提供科学依据。方法应用χ^2检验对甘南州2009-2018年非生产性农药中毒报告数据进行分析。结果甘南州2009-2018年共报告非生产性农药中毒348人,死亡43人,死亡率12.36%;其中自服农药中毒234人,误服农药中毒114人,病死率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=8.942,P>0.05)。中毒者以女性为主,不同性别病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.736,P<0.05);非生产性农药中毒年龄主要分布于20~39岁(47.7%),病死率以40~49岁(21.74%)为主,不同年龄段病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=13.551,P<0.05);第四季度是中毒病死率高发生季节,各季节病死率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=4.906,P>0.05);临潭县的中毒病例最多为195例(56.0%);各县区的病死率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.104,P>0.05);引起农药中毒主要是杀虫剂,为231例(66.4%),不同农药种类的病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=8.570,P<0.05)。结论甘南州非生产性农药中毒以自服农药中毒为主,应积极采取综合防治措施,加强农药的监管和宣传,减少农药中毒的发生。Objective To understand the characteristics of nonproductive pesticide poisoning in Gannan, and to provide scientific basis for reducing and controlling pesticide poisoning. Methods The reported data of nonproductive pesticide poisoning in Gannan from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed by chi-square test. Results A total of 348 nonproductive pesticide poisoning cases were reported in Gannan from 2009 to 2018, with 43 deaths and fatality rate was 12.36%. Among them, there were 234 cases of self-taking pesticide poisoning, and 114 cases of accidental pesticide poisoning. There was no significant difference in fatality rate(χ^2=8.942, P>0.05). Most of the poisoning cases were female, there was significant difference in fatality rate between different genders(χ^2=6.736, P<0.05). The age distribution of nonproductive pesticide poisoning mainly concentrated in 20-39 years old(47.7%), and the fatality rate mainly concentrated in 40-49 years old(21.74%), there was significant difference in fatality rate between different age groups(χ^2=13.551, P<0.05). The fourth quarter was the season with high fatality rate, and there was no significant difference among four seasons(χ^2=4.906, P>0.05);there were 195 poisoning cases in Lintan County, with the highest proportion(56.0%);there was no statistically significant difference in fatality rate among different counties(χ^2=3.104, P>0.05);there were 231 cases of pesticide poisoning caused by insecticides(66.4%), and there was statistically significant difference in fatality rate between different pesticide types(χ^2=8.570, P<0.05). Conclusion The main reason for nonproductive pesticide poisoning in Gannan is self-administration. It is necessary to adopt comprehensive control measures actively to strengthen the supervision and publicity of pesticides, and to reduce the occurrence of pesticide poisoning.

关 键 词：非生产性 农药中毒 流行病学 病死率 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]