乡村旅游核心利益相关者协调发展评价研究--以青海省海东市互助土族自治县小庄村为例  

Analysis of Core Stakeholders’Coordinated Development Evaluation in Rural Tourism——A Case Study of Xiaozhuang Village,Qinghai Province

作　　者：向程 唐仲霞[2,3] 李环 Xiang Cheng;Tang Zhongxia;Li Huan(Tourism Department,Nanchong Vocational College of Culture and Tourism,Langzhong,Sichuan 637400;MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation;School of Economics and Management,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]南充文化旅游职业学院旅游系,四川阆中637400 [2]青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海师范大学经济管理学院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《西部经济管理论坛》2020年第6期42-52,73,共12页West Forum on Economy and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“民族地区旅游治理多主体共生及其行为模式研究:以青海典型民族旅游地为例”(41550002);青海省重大科技专项“青海生态环境价值评估及大生态产业发展综合研究”(2019-SF-A12);青海省科技厅项目“青海高原民族社区治理多元主体共生关系研究”(2015-ZJ-608)。

摘　　要：文章基于利益相关者理论的视角,选取青海省海东市互助县小庄村为案例地,通过田野调查和文献梳理分析出核心利益相关者的利益诉求和矛盾冲突,并构建乡村旅游核心利益相关者协调发展评价体系,采用EWMFuzzy综合评价模型和灰色关联模型对地方政府、旅游企业、社区居民及外来游客四类核心利益相关者利益诉求的紧急程度、利益关系协调发展状态及整体协调发展关系进行测评分析。研究表明,小庄村四类核心利益相关者对不同利益诉求的整体感知较好,不同利益诉求的紧急程度和协调发展状态均存在如下较大差异:四类核心利益相关者的利益诉求主要处于中度协调和轻度协调两种发展状态,优质协调发展状态的利益诉求表现相对较少,且存在濒临失调发展状态的利益诉求表现;小庄村旅游核心利益相关者相互间的协调发展关系呈现出多元化的发展状态,地方政府、旅游企业同其他利益相关者的利益关系协调发展的影响大小顺序完全一致,地方政府、社区居民同其他利益相关者的利益关系协调发展的影响大小顺序相对应,而外来游客、社区居民同其他利益相关者的利益关系协调发展的影响大小顺序基本相反;小庄村旅游核心利益相关者协调发展路径组合未达到纳什均衡状态,其协调发展模式为非对称互惠协调发展模式。上述验证结果与小庄村旅游发展的实际情况基本吻合,证明了评价体系的科学性。Based on Stakeholder Theory,the paper takes Xiaozhuang Village of Huzhu County,Qinghai Province as a case to analyze the interest demands and conflicts of core stakeholders through field investigation and literature review,and construct an evaluation system for the coordinated development of rural tourism core stakeholders.It uses EWM-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and Grey correlation model to evaluate and analyze the urgency of interest demands,the coordinated development state of interest relations and the overall coordinated development relationship of four core stakeholders,namely local government,tourism enterprises,community residents and tourists.The findings reveal that the four core stakeholders in Xiaozhuang Village hold a preferable perception of different interest,but obvious differences exist in urgency and coordinated development of interest as follows.The interest demands of the four core stakeholders are mainly in two development states:moderate coordination and mild coordination.The interest demands of the high-quality coordinated development state are relatively few,and unbalanced development appear time to time.The coordinated development relationship between tourism core stakeholders in Xiaozhuang Village presents a diversified development state,the influence order of coordinated development between local government,tourism enterprises and other stakeholders is completely consistent and corespondent,while the influence order of coordinated development between tourists,community residents and other stakeholders is basically opposite.The path combination of coordinated development of tourism core stakeholders in Xiaozhuang Village has not reached Nash equilibrium,and its coordinated development mode is asymmetric but mutually beneficial.The above verification results are basically consistent with the actual situation of tourism development in Xiaozhuang Village,which proves that the evaluation system is scientific.

关 键 词：乡村旅游 利益相关者 利益关系 协调发展 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] F327[经济管理—产业经济]