失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中铂族金属的富集  

Enrichment of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automobile Exhaust Purification Catalysts

作　　者：解雪 曲志平 张邦胜 刘贵清 张帆 张保明 Xie Xue;Qu Zhiping;Zhang Bangsheng;Liu Guiqing;Zhang Fan;Zhang Baoming(Jiangsu BGRIMM Metal Recycling Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221121,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司,江苏徐州221121

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2020年第11期105-109,共5页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

摘　　要：随着工业的迅猛发展,我国汽车行业也实现了质的飞跃,其间大量汽车报废,废汽车尾气净化催化剂产量也将越来越大。现有汽车尾气净化催化剂一般以铂、钯、铑等铂族金属为活性组分,由堇青石(2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2)载体、γ-Al2O3涂层和助剂组成,其中含有的铂族金属是重要的二次资源,具有极高的经济回收价值。本文着重介绍了废汽车尾气净化催化剂中铂族金属的有效富集,分别从火法、湿法以及气相挥发三方面综述了铂、钯、铑的富集方法,讨论了各种方法的技术发展趋势。With the rapid development of the industry,China’s automobile industry has also achieved a qualitative leap,during which a large number of automobiles are scrapped,and the output of waste automobile exhaust purification catalysts will also increase.Existing automobile exhaust purification catalysts generally use platinum,palladium,rhodium and other platinum group metals as active components,and are composed of cordierite(2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2)carriers,γ-Al2O3 coatings and additives,the platinum group metal contained therein is an important secondary resource with extremely high economic recovery value.This paper focuses on the effective enrichment of platinum group metals in waste car exhaust purification catalysts,summarizes the enrichment methods of platinum,palladium and rhodium from three aspects,namely fire method,wet method and vapor phase volatilization,and discusses the technological development trend of various methods.

关 键 词：失效汽车尾气净化催化剂 铂族金属 火法工艺 湿法工艺 富集 

分 类 号：X734[环境科学与工程—环境工程]