振动与接触冲击耦合作用下的齿轮弹流润滑研究  

Elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication of gears under coupling of vibration and contact impact

作　　者：菅光霄 王优强 于晓 罗恒 李云凯 JIAN Guangxiao;WANG Youqiang;YU Xiao;LUO Heng;LI Yunkai(School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第21期226-232,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575289;51705270);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019PEE028)。

摘　　要：为探究振动与冲击耦合作用下齿轮的弹流润滑特性,考虑时变啮合刚度对齿轮动力学行为的影响,基于动力学理论建立了六自由度渐开线直齿轮摩擦动力学模型,并在此基础上研究齿轮啮合点处速度差异导致的接触冲击现象,对比分析动载荷与平稳载荷以及接触冲击位置、冲击转速对渐开线直齿轮时变弹流润滑结果的影响。研究表明:与平稳载荷相比,基于动载荷的齿轮弹流润滑研究更能准确反映齿轮的瞬态润滑特性;啮合点处速度差异会导致两轮齿的接触冲击现象,冲击转速和冲击位置对冲击合力有较大影响,并进一步影响齿轮的润滑状况。冲击位置越靠近啮出点,冲击转速越高,齿轮润滑时的"喘振"效果越明显。冲击转速过高或齿轮当量质量过小时会造成齿轮传动过程中"脱啮"。In order to explore elasto-hydrodynamic(EHL) characteristics of gears under coupling of vibration and contact impact, considering effects of time-varying meshing stiffness on gear dynamic behavior, a 6-DOF friction dynamic model of involute spur gears was established based on the theory of dynamics. Then, the contact impact phenomenon caused by velocity difference at meshing point of gears was studied. Effects of dynamic load and steady load, impact position and impact rotating speed on gears’ time-varying EHL were analyzed contrastively. Results showed that compared with steady load, the EHL study based on dynamic load can more accurately reflect gears’ transient lubrication characteristics;the velocity difference at meshing point can cause contact impact phenomenon of two gears’ teeth;the impact rotating speed and position have larger influence on impact resultant force and further affect gears’ lubrication;the closer to meshing point the impact position, the higher the impact rotating speed, the more obvious the "surge" effect of gear lubrication;too high impact rotating speed or too small gear equivalent mass can cause "de-meshing" in gear transmission process.

关 键 词：渐开线直齿轮 时变啮合刚度 摩擦动力学模型 接触冲击 润滑特性 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]