机场跑道轮迹测试及横向分布参数研究  

Study on Wheel Track Test and Lateral Distribution Parameters of Airport Runway

作　　者：程国勇[1] 张扬扬 周浩 CHENG Guo-yong;ZHANG Yang-yang;ZHOU Hao(School of Airport,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学机场学院,天津300300

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2020年第11期22-30,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178456)。

摘　　要：为分析飞机主轮迹横向分布参数的合理取值问题并克服目前测试方法的不足,依据机轮在跑道上制动时会在道面积聚黑色轮迹的现象,研究了通过轮迹测试分析飞机主轮迹横向分布参数的方法。首先根据光的反射及光电转换原理开发了飞机轮迹测试装置;利用该装置对某4D机场跑道进行了轮迹测试,分别在接地带及跑道中部附近进行了轮迹数据采集,得到接地带10条测线及跑道中部4条测线的测试数据;在假定各机型轮迹横向分布标准差相同,且各机型每次降落时主轮在道面上所留下的黑色轮迹宽度、颜色深浅相同的前提下,结合各机型主起落架间距、降落架次得到轮迹横向分布理论叠加曲线,基于最小二乘原理对归一化处理后的轮迹测试曲线与理论叠加曲线进行拟合,最终得到在该机场跑道上飞机主轮横向分布参数。研究结果表明:跑道接地带部位,飞机主轮横向分布标准差为1.214 m,通行宽度为2.791 m;跑道中部区域,飞机主轮标准差为2.210 m,通行宽度为5.082 m。该数值与目前我国在水泥混凝土道面设计中对飞机在跑道部位的取值相差较大,与国外对该参数的研究结果相比也有一定差距。上述研究结论、飞机轮迹测试方法及分析思路对于开展民航飞机主轮迹横向分布规律的系统研究可提供一定参考。In order to analyze the reasonable value of the lateral distribution parameters of aircraft main wheel tracks and overcome the shortcomings of the current test methods,according to the phenomenon that the wheels will gather black tracks on the pavement surface when braking on the runway,the method of analyzing the lateral distribution parameters of aircraft main wheel tracks by wheel tracks test is studied.First,according to the principle of light reflection and photoelectric conversion,an aircraft wheel track test device is developed.Using this device,the wheel track test of a 4 D airport runway is carried out,and the data of wheel tracks near the touchdown zone and the middle of the runway are collected,and the test data of 10 measuring lines in the touchdown zone and 4 measuring lines in the middle of the runway are obtained.On the premise that the standard deviation of wheel track lateral distribution of each type of aircraft is the same,and the width and color of black wheel tracks left by main wheels of each type of aircraft at each landing on the pavement are the same,the theoretical superposition wheel track lateral distribution curve is obtained combining with the main landing gear spacing and landing sorties of each type of aircraft.Based on the principle of least square method,the normalized wheel track test curve is fitted with the theoretical superposition curve,and the lateral distribution parameters of the wheels on the runway are obtained.The research result shows that(1)the standard deviation of the lateral distribution of the main wheels is 1.214 m and the pass width is 2.791 m in the runway touchdown zone;(2)the standard deviation of aircraft main wheels is 2.210 m and the pass width is 5.082 m in the middle of runway.These values are quite different from the values of the aircraft on the runway in the design of cement concrete pavement in China,and there are also certain gaps between these values and foreign research results.The above research conclusions,aircraft wheel track test methods and

关 键 词：道路工程 飞机轮迹横向分布参数 轮迹测试装置 标准差 通行宽度 接地带 

分 类 号：U416.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]