异质型环境规制对中国绿色全要素生产率的影响  

Impact of heterogeneous environmental regulation on green total factors productivity

作　　者：吴磊[1] 贾晓燕 吴超[1,2] 彭甲超 WU Lei;JIA Xiao-yan;WU Chao;PENG Jia-chao(School of Economic and Management,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan Hubei 430074,China;Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport Co.,LTD,Guangzhou Guangdong 510405,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]广州白云国际机场股份有限公司,广东广州510405

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2020年第10期82-92,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“长江经济带制造业绿色创新效率的时空分异特征与提升路径研究”(批准号:19YJA630103);湖北省科技支撑计划软科学研究项目“湖北省环境管制对企业技术创新的影响及对策研究”(批准号:2017ADC138);湖北省区域创新能力监测与分析软科学研究基地项目“长江经济带协同创新、环境保护与绿色全要素生产率提升”(批准号:HBQY2020Z13)。

摘　　要：绿色发展时代环保政策的选择设计成为备受关注的焦点。本文从绿色全要素生产率角度进行环境规制影响的差异性研究,对于环保政策的合理制定具有重要的现实意义。首先从成本损失和收益补偿两个方面分析了命令控制型、市场激励型以及公众自愿型环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的差异化影响机制,并通过绘制无量纲综合散点图,就三种环境规制与地区生产总值的稳健相关关系进行了特征事实描述;其后借助DEA-GML指数对2005—2017年中国30省(市)绿色全要素生产率进行测度,结果表明基于碳排放的绿色全要素生产率呈现增长态势,技术进步成为最主要推动力,四大划分区域及不同省份间绿色全要素生产率差异明显;最后借助面板Tobit模型就命令控制型、市场激励型以及公众自愿型环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的影响效应进行检验,结果表明公众自愿型以及市场激励型环境规制在短期内对绿色全要素生产率的增长起到抑制作用,而在长期内对绿色全要素生产率的增长起到促进作用,但是命令控制型环境规制对绿色全要素生产率增长的影响不明显。产业结构、能源消费结构对绿色全要素生产率产生正向影响,而财政集中度则表现为负向影响,对外开放的影响则不明显。因此,从绿色发展长远考虑,应该加快绿色生产技术升级及推广,丰富碳排放交易、排污权交易等市场激励型环境规制手段,健全公众参与绿色监督的体制机制,加快服务业发展,扩大水、核、风能等新能源消费比重,加大绿色财政支出力度,积极探索低碳贸易政策,以此促进绿色全要素生产率的增长。Choosing the appropriate environmental protection policy is of great concern during green development.This paper conducts a study on the differences of environmental regulation effects from the perspective of green total factor productivity,which has important practical significance for the rational formulation of environmental protection policies.Firstly,the differential impact mechanism of three types of environmental regulation(command-controlled environmental regulation,market-motivated environmental regulation and public voluntary environmental regulation)on green total factor productivity is analyzed from the aspect of cost loss and income compensation.Then a feature fact of the robust correlation between these environmental regulations and regional GDP is elaborated by drawing a non-dimensional comprehensive scatter plot.Secondly,the DEA-GML index is used to measure the green total factor productivity of 30 provinces and cities in China during the period of 2005-2017.The results show that the green total factor productivity based on carbon emission shows a growing trend and that technological progress has become the main driving force.There are obvious differences in the green total factor productivity between the four regions and different provinces.Finally,the panel Tobit model is used to test the influence of command-controlled environmental regulation,market-motivated environmental regulation and public voluntary environmental regulation on green total factor productivity.The results show that public voluntary environmental regulation and market-motivated environmental regulation can inhibit the growth of green total factor productivity in the short term,and promote the growth of green total factor productivity in the long run.However,the influence of command-controlled environmental regulation on green total factor productivity is not obvious.Industrial structure and energy consumption structure have a positive impact on green total factor productivity,while fiscal concentration has a negative impact

关 键 词：绿色全要素生产率 异质型环境规制 DEA-GML指数 TOBIT模型 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]