汉麻纤维的微生物-化学联合脱胶  

Degumming of hemp fiber with combination of microbes and chemicals

作　　者：李成红 陈英[1,2] 高艺 LI Chenghong;CHEN Ying;GAO Yi(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院,上海201620 [2]生态纺织品教育部重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《印染》2020年第10期13-18,共6页China Dyeing and Finishing

摘　　要：采用微生物对汉麻纤维进行脱胶,分析了不同菌株、接种量、温度、pH、浴比、时间等对脱胶效果的影响,结果表明单一微生物脱胶不能达到预期目标。结合碱氧一浴法对汉麻纤维进行二次脱胶,研究联合脱胶过程中NaOH和H2O2用量对脱胶效果的影响。联合脱胶中微生物脱胶选用浸麻芽孢杆菌、环状芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌,复配比例1∶1∶1,接种量15%,pH 4.5,37℃处理3 d,浴比1∶60;碱氧一浴脱胶工艺中NaOH 3 g/L,H2O23 g/L,Na2SiO31 g/L,98℃处理1 h,浴比1∶20。联合脱胶的失重率为24.56%,果胶和木质素含量分别为2.51%和2.84%,且残液COD值低,对环境污染小。电镜观察表明:联合脱胶效果好,形成的单纤维多,纤维表面光滑,所含胶质少,可纺性好。The microbial degumming of hemp fiber is studied,and the effects of different strains,inocula⁃tion amount,temperature,pH value,bath ratio,and time are analyzed.The results show that a single mi⁃crobial degumming cann′t achieve the expected goal.Combined with alkaline oxygen one bath method,hemp fiber is degummed twice,and the effect of NaOH and H2O2 dosage on the degumming effect is studied.The microbial degumming in the combined degumming adopts Bacillus macerans,Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis with compound ratio of 1∶1∶1,inoculum quantity of 15%,pH value 4.5,treatment at 37℃for 3 d,bath ratio 1∶60;during one-bath alkaline oxygen degumming,NaOH 3 g/L,H2O23 g/L,Na2SiO31 g/L,treatment at 98℃for 1 h,bath ratio 1∶20.The mass loss rate of combined de⁃gumming is 24.56%,and the content of pectin and lignin are 2.51%and 2.84%respectively.Combined de⁃gumming has a low residual liquid COD value and less environmental pollution.Scanning electron micro⁃scope observations show that the degumming effect is good,and there are more single fibers.The sur⁃face of the fiber after combined degumming is smooth,less gelatinous and the spinnability is good.

关 键 词：脱胶 微生物 碱氧一浴 联合脱胶 汉麻纤维 

分 类 号：TS192.55[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]