污泥生物炭重金属吸附剂的制备及改性研究进展  

Advances in fabrication and modification of heavy metal adsorbents for sludgebiochar

作　　者：赵伟繁 戴亮[1] 王刚[1] 未碧贵[1] 韩涛 ZHAO Weifan;DAI Liang;WANG Gang;WEI Bigui;HAN Tao(College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《功能材料》2020年第11期11083-11088,11115,共7页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51668034);甘肃省教育厅高等学校创新能力提升资助项目(2019B-051)。

摘　　要：社会发展的节奏加快使得工业废水和生活污水的排放量越来越大,污泥的产量也随之增加,同时环境中的重金属所带来的环境风险也日益严峻。污泥生物炭具有发达的孔隙结构和丰富的官能团,而且化学性质稳定,是一种性能优异的重金属吸附材料,其具有原料来源广、低成本和良好的物理化学表面特性等优点,在重金属环境修复领域的应用前景广阔。文章重点介绍了微波热解法、水热炭化法和常规热解法等污泥生物炭制备方法,以及酸改性、碱改性、蒸汽活化改性及浸渍法改性等物理化学改性方法,阐述各种制备方法及改性方法的研究现状,并予以评价,最后提出热解制备及功能性改性中实际面临的主要问题及今后发展的方向。The rapid pace of social development has made the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage more and more,and the amount of sludge produced also has increased.At the same time,the risks caused by heavy metals in environment have become increasingly severe.Sludge biochar has developed pore structure and rich functional groups,and chemical properties are stable.Sludge biochar is an adsorption material of heavy metal with excellent performance,and it has the advantages of a wide source of raw materials,low cost and good physical and chemical surface characteristics,so it has broad application prospects in the field of heavy metal environmental remediation.In this article,the sludge biochar fabrication methods about microwave pyrolysis,hydrothermal carbonization and conventional pyrolysis,as well as physical and chemical modification methods such as acid modification,alkali modification,steam activation modification and impregnation modification were mainly introduced.The status of sludge biochar research was expounded and evaluated,and the main problems actually faced in the pyrolysis preparation and functional modification process and the future development direction were put forward.

关 键 词：污泥生物炭 重金属 制备 改性 吸附 

分 类 号：TQ424[化学工程] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]