温室番茄不同生长期常温烟雾机的作业方式及参数研究  

Study on the Operation Ways and Parameters of Cold Aerosol Sprayer at Different Growth Stages of Tomato in Greenhouse

作　　者：李传友 窦硕 熊波 张莉 李震 滕飞 刘京蕊 杨烨 陈玉梅 LI Chuanyou;DOU Shuo;XIONG Bo;ZHANG Li;LI Zhen;TENG Fei;LIU Jingrui;YANG Ye;CHEN Yumei(Beijing Agricultural Machinery Test Evaluation Extension Station,Beijing 100079,China;Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Service Station in Miyun District of Beijing,Beijing 101500,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站,北京100079 [2]北京市密云区农机化技术推广服务站,北京101500

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2020年第11期87-94,共8页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市农业科技项目(PXM2018_036231_000024)。

摘　　要：为优化温室用常温烟雾机的作业方式和参数,以行间作业和过道作业两种方式对温室内不同生长期的番茄冠层进行喷雾,并测定了番茄冠层内雾滴沉积分布、农药沉积量、地面流失量、农药利用率等指标。结果表明:在雾滴覆盖率、农药沉积量、地面流失量、农药利用率等指标上,番茄不同生长期行间作业均好于过道作业,叶片正面均好于叶片背面。当温室内病虫害防治需要较大喷量、较高雾滴覆盖率时,应进行行间作业;当温室内作物预防性作业或喷洒农药内吸性较好,不需要较高雾滴覆盖率时,可进行过道作业,喷管角度在±15°范围内调整,保证冠层前、中、后部雾滴沉积分布均匀。该研究可为设施棚架式蔬菜植保作业提供参考。In order to optimize the operation ways and parameters of cold aerosol sprayer in the greenhouse, this paper sprayed the tomato canopy at different growth stages by two operation ways of inter-row and corridor, and the indexes such as droplet deposition distribution, pesticide deposition, pesticide ground loss and pesticide utilization rate were measured. The results showed that: in terms of droplet deposition distribution, pesticide deposition, pesticide ground loss and pesticide utilization rate and other indexes, the inter-row operation was better than the corridor operation at different growth stages of tomato, and the leaf front was better than the leaf back. When the pest control in the greenhouse required a large amount of spray and a high droplet coverage rate, inter-row operations should be carried out;when the preventive operation of crops in the greenhouse or pesticide spraying had good internal absorption and did not require a high droplet coverage rate, the corridor operation can be carried out, and the nozzle angle could be adjusted within ±15° to ensure the uniform distribution of droplet deposition in front, middle and back of the canopy. This study could provide reference for the plant protection operation of the facility scaffolding type vegetable.

关 键 词：番茄 生长期 常温烟雾机 作业方式 雾滴覆盖率 农药利用率 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护] S641.2