柳厚壁叶蜂幼虫生长发育与虫瘿增长的相关性  

Correlation Between Larval Development and Gall Growth of Pontania dolichura

作　　者：祁靖宇 薛琪琪 柳春雨 张倩 闫晓璐 门丽娜[1,2] 张志伟 QI Jingyu;XUE Qiqi;LIU Chunyu;ZHANG Qian;YAN Xiaolu;MEN Lina;ZHANG Zhiwei(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Shanxi Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Forestry Dangerous Pest Inspection and Identification Center,Shanxi Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省林业危险性有害生物检验鉴定中心,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2020年第11期106-115,共10页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);山西省留学人员科技活动择优资助项目;山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(SXYBKY201702);山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划项目(TYIT201402);山西省研究生教育创新计划项目(2019SY210)。

摘　　要：柳厚壁叶蜂(Pontania dolichura)是一种危害垂柳的食叶类害虫,严重影响柳树的景观绿化效果。为了研究柳厚壁叶蜂不同发育时期虫瘿大小与幼虫形态的相关性,了解柳厚壁叶蜂的发生发育规律及成瘿机制,系统测量了55组不同调查时期柳厚壁叶蜂的虫瘿长、虫瘿宽、虫瘿厚、虫瘿壁厚和幼虫的体长、体宽、头长、头宽共8个形态特征的数据。对测得的形态特征数据进行主成分分析和去除趋势对应分析,并对虫瘿形态指标之间、幼虫形态指标之间以及虫瘿与幼虫形态指标之间进行线性回归分析。结果表明,柳厚壁叶蜂幼虫的生长呈现明显的梯度变化,且虫瘿各形态指标之间、幼虫各形态指标之间分别存在显著线性关系(P<0.000 1);但虫瘿厚与幼虫体长的线性关系为条件函数,即当幼虫体长小于等于6.90 mm时,存在显著线性关系,线性方程为y=1.771x+0.653 (R2=0.920,P<0.000 1)。因此,实践中可以根据柳厚壁叶蜂的幼虫形态与其虫瘿之间的线性关系,用虫瘿的长、宽、厚和壁厚等易测量指标来判断虫瘿内柳厚壁叶蜂幼虫的生长发育状况,确定幼虫的生长发育规律,为柳厚壁叶蜂的生长发育提供科学的评判标准,为其科学防治提供理论依据。Pontania dolichura is a leaf-eating pest that harms and seriously affects the landscape greening effect of Salix babylonica. In order to study the correlation between the size of gall and the morphology of larva in different developmental stages, and to understand the occurrence and development law and the mechanism of gall formation, the gall length, gall width, gall thickness, gall wall thickness and larva body length, body width, head length and head width of P. dolichura of 55 groups in different investigation stages were systematically measured. Principal component analysis and detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) were carried out on the measured morphological characteristics data, and linear regression analysis was carried out among the morphological indexes of gall, larval morphological indexes and between gall and larval morphological indexes. The results showed that the larval development of P. dolichura showed obvious gradient changes, and there were significant linear relationships(P<0.000 1) between the morphological indexes of gall, as well as the morphological indexes of larva. However, the linear relationship between gall thickness and larval body length was a conditional function, that is, when the larval body length is less than or equal to 6.90 mm, there was a significant linear relationship, and the linear equation was y=1.771x + 0.653(R^2=0.920,P<0.000 1). Therefore, in practice, according to the linear relationship between the larval morphology and its gall, the growth and development status of the larva in the gall could be judged by easy-to-measure indexes such as the length, width, thickness and wall thickness of the gall, and the growth and development law of the larva could be determined, thus providing a scientific evaluation standard for the growth and development of the larva and a theoretical basis for its scientific control.

关 键 词：柳厚壁叶蜂 垂柳 虫瘿大小 幼虫形态 线性关系 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]