思想史研究应基于文本的历史性阐释——以约翰·密尔《论自由》中文译本为个案  

The Study of Ideological History Should Based on Historical Hermeneutics of Text——A Case Study of the Chinese Version of John Mill’s On Liberty

作　　者：李宏图[1] Li Hongtu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《探索与争鸣》2020年第10期60-68,158,共10页Exploration and Free Views

基　　金：教育部基地重大项目“概念的形成与思想的谱系:西方近代概念史研究(17—19世纪)”(16JJD770016)。

摘　　要：通过对马君武和严复翻译约翰·密尔《论自由》一书的考察可以发现,从文本解读和阐释的意义上讲,两位译者都将密尔的思想从“社会”转向“政治”的维度来进行讨论,将密尔的思想主题转移到另外一个指向。这既不符合密尔《论自由》文本中的思想,也不符合思想史这一“历史性”的阐释。实现对文本的阐释,特别是“历史性”的阐释,需要符合历史学的规范性。阐释者对文本意义的阐释和理论性的构建,需要建立在包括文本在内的丰富的历史资料基础之上,并在历史的语境中展开。从历史维度出发,建立规范性的阐释,有助于目前的“思想史”研究真正实现对思想家和其文本的“历史性”研究,为阐释学的理论建构提供学术资源。Through a study of the translation of John Mill’s On Liberty by Ma Junwu and Yan Fu,we can found that in terms of text interpretation and hermeneutics,both translators discussed Mill’s thought from the dimension of“society”to“politics”,and shifted Mill’s ideological theme to another direction,which was not in line with Mill’s thought,and does not conform to the historical hermeneutics of the ideological history.The realization of text hermeneutics,especially the“historical”hermeneutics,needs to conform to the norms of history.The construction of the meaning and theory of the text needs to be based on the rich historical data including the text and unfolded in the historical context.From the perspective of history,the establishment of normative hermeneutics is helpful for the current“ideological history”research to truly realize the“historical”study of thinkers and their texts,and provide academic resources for the theoretical construction of hermeneutics.

关 键 词：阐释 历史性 约翰·密尔 《论自由》 翻译 

分 类 号：D081[政治法律—政治学]