武夷山风景名胜区人工湿地系统典型植物生长与化学元素含量变化特征  

Characteristics of typical plant growth and chemical elements in constructed wetland systems in Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area

作　　者：郭汝凤 陈佳 李冠军 刘鑫铭 黄婷[1] 林勇明[1] 吴承祯 李键[1] GUO Rufeng;CHEN Jia;LI Guanjun;LIU Xinming;HUANG Ting;LIN Yongming;WU Chengzhen;LI Jian(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Ecology and Resource Engineering,Wuyi University,Nanping 354300,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]武夷学院生态与资源工程学院,南平354300

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2020年第5期1184-1191,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2016055,CXZX2018122);福建农林大学林学院林学高峰学科建设项目(71201800781)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨武夷山人工湿地植物净化生活污水化学元素的机制,筛选出可用于修复污水化学元素污染的植物种类,在前期已获得武夷山人工湿地再力花(Thalia dealbata)、花叶芦荻(Arundo donax var. versicolor)和香根草(Vetiveria zizanioidesL.)3种植物对土壤N、P的吸收特征和影响机制的基础上,继续以武夷山风景名胜区人工湿地的上述3种植物为研究对象,通过测定一个生长季内(7、14、21和28周)3种植物在A和B处理两种不同水质条件下的株高、生物量、相对生长率(relative growth rate, RGR)、日增长速率(day growth rate, DGR)和化学元素(K、Ca、Mg和Fe)含量,分析3种植物的株高、生物量、RGR、DGR和化学元素含量的变化特点以及RGR和DGR与其对应化学元素含量间的相关关系.结果表明:(1)3种植物的株高、生物量随着植物的生长逐渐增加趋势,RGR和DGR呈现出先增后减的趋势,各取样时间点内,3种植物株高、生物量、RGR和DGR均存在显著性差异(P <0.05),且A处理组的3种湿地植物的株高、生物量、RGR和DGR均显著高于B处理组(P <0.05);(2)随着植物的生长,3种植物K、Ca、Mg和Fe含量的变化趋势不一致,在不同取样时间上和不同植物间的3种植物化学元素含量均呈显著性差异(P <0.05),且A处理组的3种湿地植物的不同器官的K、Ca、Mg和Fe含量始终显著大于B处理组;(3)再力花的RGR与K、Mg呈显著性正相关(P <0.05),而RGR和DGR均与Fe呈显著性负相关(P <0.05);花叶芦荻的DGR与K呈显著性正相关(P <0.05),而RGR和DGR均与Ca呈显著性负相关(P <0.01);香根草的DGR与K和Mg呈显著性正相关(P <0.05),RGR与K呈显著性正相关(P <0.05),与Fe呈显著性负相关(P <0.05).综上所述,未进行人工干预的情况下,水生植物的生长更有优势,不同植物对不同水质的化学元素的吸收和积累有所不同,花叶芦荻在3种植物中对污染物的净化能力最强,可作为人工湿地植物配置的首选;本研The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanisms by which plants absorb chemicals from domestic sewage in constructed wetland systems in Wuyi Mountain to screen plant species for use in cleaning chemical elements from polluted water. The study was based on previous research on the chemical absorption characteristics and capacity to influence soil N and P of Thalia dealbata, Arundo donax var. versicolor, and Vetiveria zizanioides L. Focusing on these three species, the research investigated the plant height, biomass, relative growth rate(RGR), day growth rate(DGR), and chemical elements in A and B treatments during one growing season in the constructed wetland systems of Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area. The aim was to analyze the changes in these factors for the three plants in the different treatments and investigate the correlation between RGR, DGR, and their corresponding chemical element contents. The results showed some variations in plant height, biomass, RGR, DGR, and chemical elements in T. dealbata, A. donax var. versicolor and V. zizanioides L.(1) The height and biomass of the three plant species gradually increased with the growth of the plants when the RGR and DGR showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. There were significant differences in plant height, biomass, RGR, and DGR of the three plant species at each sampling time. In addition, the height, biomass, RGR, and DGR of the plants in group A were significantly higher than in group B.(2) With growth of the plants, the trends of K, Ca, Mg, and Fe of the three species were inconsistent. Not only were there significant differences in the contents of chemical elements at different sampling times and among different plants(P < 0.05), but also the chemical elements in the three plants in group A were significantly higher than in group B.(3) The RGR in T. dealbata was significantly positively correlated with K and Mg(P < 0.05), while the RGR and DGR were significantly negatively correlated with Fe(P < 0.05). The DGR of A. donax var. versicolo

关 键 词：武夷山 人工湿地系统 典型湿地植物 生长状况 化学元素 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]