发现新型环境有机污染物的基本理论与方法  

Basic Theory and Analytical Methodology for Identification of Novel Environmental Organic Pollutants

作　　者：阮挺[1] 江桂斌[1] RUAN Ting;JIANG Guibin(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2020年第11期1328-1336,共9页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB14010400);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB453100);国家自然科学基金(21527901、91843301、91743101)。

摘　　要：20世纪以来化学污染物导致的人类健康危害日益突出,数以万计的高生产量化学品伴随着生产和使用进入环境介质,给环境科学相关领域研究提出了若干新的科学问题。文章介绍了发现新型有机污染物研究方向设立的背景和科学意义,讨论了判别新型有机污染物分子结构、环境行为特征的基本原则,阐述了定量结构—性质关系模型预测、疑似目标/非目标分析、效应导向分析方法框架的技术思路和优势。对于新型有机污染物识别、行为和效应的深入探索,将为引领学科方向发展、完善化学品风险评估标准、揭示环境污染物的毒性和健康危害机制发挥重要的支撑作用。Since the twentieth century, the health hazards caused by chemical pollutants have become increasingly prominent. Tens of thousands of high throughput chemicals have entered into the environment along with the massive production and use, raising emerging scientific issues for research in environmental science related fields. In this article, background and scientific significance of establishing the research direction on identification of novel organic pollutants are introduced. Basic principles of discriminating molecular structures and environmental behaviors of pollutant candidates with regard to the characteristics of persistent organic pollutants are discussed. Technical strategy and advantages of the established analytical frameworks, including quantitative structureproperty relationship model prediction, suspect/non-targeted analysis, and biological effect-directed analysis, are further described. In-depth exploration on occurrence, behavior and effects of novel organic pollutants will play a crucial supportive role in leading the direction of discipline development, improving chemical risk assessment criterions, and revealing the toxicity and hazard mechanisms of environmental pollutants.

关 键 词：持久性有机污染物 化学品 风险评估 健康效应 筛选识别理论 分析方法 环境化学行为 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]