浅谈殷墟青铜器的铸后打磨工艺  

Post-cast Polishing Technique Applied on the Yinxu Bronzes

作　　者：翟少冬 朱雪峰 徐宏杰 岳占伟[1] 何毓灵[1] Zhai Shaodong;Zhu Xuefeng;Xu Hongjie;Yue Zhanwei;He Yuling(Beijing 100710;Handan 056000;Nanchang,Jiangxi 330025)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100710 [2]河北工程大学文法学院,河北邯郸056000 [3]江西省文物考古研究院,江西南昌330025

出　　处：《江汉考古》2020年第5期98-109,共12页Jianghan Archaeology

基　　金：中国社会科学院哲学与社会科学创新工程项目“石器微痕数据库建设”;国家重点研发计划“中华文明起源进程中的生业、资源与技术研究”(2020YFC1521606)的资助

摘　　要：打磨是青铜器铸后的重要加工环节,学术界鲜有讨论,殷墟孝民屯遗址出土的数千件多种形状的磨石为认识这一工艺提供了材料。本文在打磨实验和对孝民屯遗址出土青铜器铸后痕迹观察的基础上,认为遗址出土的球状和有正圆平面的扁平状磨石可能不是用来打磨青铜器的,铸后打磨使用的磨石大多为中细粒的长石砂岩或岩屑长石砂岩,打磨内容包括青铜器铸造后留在铜器上的范线、模外范内涂层的涂刷痕迹,以及因铸造缺陷而产生的坑洼不平等痕迹。Polishing is a process central to bronze production but little attention has been paid to it.Thousands of stone grinders,in different shapes,were unearthed from the Xiaomintun site at Anyang,which offers an opportunity to investigate the topic.The present paper,based on replication studies and microscopic examination of bronzes unearthed at Xiaomintun,proposed that ball-shaped stone grinders,as well as flat-shaped ones that show a perfect circle on plan view,had unlikely served for polishing cast bronzes.Stone grinders used for post-cast polishing are mostly made of middle-or fine-grained feldspar sandstone or detritus feldspar sandstone.Specifically,they were used for making less visible the casting lines on bronzes,traces left on or between clay moulds,and pits or uneven parts due to casting defects.

关 键 词：殷墟青铜器 磨石 铸后痕迹 铸后打磨 

分 类 号：K871.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]