2015年我国城镇居民土源性线虫感染调查  

Prevalence of soil-borne nematode infections among residents living in urban/town areas of China in 2015

作　　者：朱慧慧[1] 周长海[1] 诸廷俊[1] 黄继磊[1] 钱门宝[1] 陈颖丹[1] 李石柱[1] 周晓农[1] ZHU Hui-Hui;ZHOU Chang-Hai;ZHU Ting-Jun;HUANG Ji-Lei;QIAN Men-Bao;CHEN Ying-Dan;LI Shi-Zhu;ZHOU Xiao-Nong(National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,Ministry of Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology,National Health Commission,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所、国家热带病研究中心、WHO热带病合作中心、科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心、国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海200025

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2020年第5期476-482,共7页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

摘　　要：目的了解我国城镇地区居民土源性线虫病流行状况,为土源性线虫病防控与消除提供参考。方法根据2014–2015年全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查,按人群华支睾吸虫感染率将全国划分为5类流行区,采用二项分布和泊松分布计算总样本量,将总样本量按城镇人口占比等比例分配到各省份,各省份调查点数再按辖区城区和镇区人口占比等比例分配。各省份根据调查点数,自县(市、区)、乡(镇、街道)和居委会分级抽样,调查点(居委会)为最小抽样单位。以调查点内常住人口作为调查对象,收集其粪便标本,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(1粪2检)鉴别土源性线虫虫卵并计数,计算各虫种感染率及感染度。结果2014–2015年,全国31个省(直辖市、自治区)共调查城镇居民133231人,土源性线虫感染率为1.23%(1636/133231),其中钩虫、蛔虫和鞭虫感染率分别为0.77%(1032/133231)、0.32%(426/133231)和0.17%(224/133231)。全国城镇居民土源性线虫感染率以江西省(82/2034)和重庆市(524/13012)最高,均为4.03%;其次为海南省,感染率为3.47%(72/2075)。男、女性居民土源性线虫感染率分别为1.07%(662/62139)和1.37%(974/71092)。土源性线虫感染率以65~70岁年龄组居民最高,为2.56%(219/8569);各职业中,以牧民感染率最高[2.47%(2/81)];不同文化程度居民中,以文盲感染率最高[3.33%(226/6795)]。钩虫、蛔虫和鞭虫轻度感染者所占比例均>90%。结论我国城镇居民土源性线虫病流行总体处于较低水平,但分布较广泛。针对城镇地区土源性线虫病流行特点,可采取健康教育和药物驱虫相结合的措施,以降低居民感染率。Objective To understand the prevalence of soil.borne nematode infections among residents living in urban/town areas of China,so as to provide insights into the control and elimination of soil.borne nematodiasis.Methods A total of 5 epidemic areas were classified in China according to the prevalence of human Clonorchis sinensis infections captured from the 2014–2015 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China,and the total sample size was estimated according to the binomial distribution and Poisson’s distribution.Then,the total sample size was allocated proportionally to each province(autonomous region,municipality)of China based on the percentage of residents living in urban and town areas,and the number of survey sites in each province(autonomous region,municipality)was proportionally assigned according to the percentages of residents living in urban and town areas.Then,stratified sampling was performed at county,township and community levels according to the number of sampling sites in each province(autonomous region,municipality),and the survey site(community)was defined as the smallest sampling unit.All permanent residents in the survey sites were selected as the study subjects,and their stool samples were collected for identification and counting of parasite egg using a Kato-Katz technique.The prevalence and intensity of each parasite species were calculated.Results From 2014 to 2015,amongthe 133231 residentsdetectedin 31 provinces(au.tonomous regions,municipalities)of China,the overall prevalence of soilborne nematode infections was 1.23%(1636/133231),and the prevalence rates of hookworm,Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections were 0.77%(1032/133231),0.32%(426/133231)and 0.17%(224/133231),respectively.The highest prevalence of soil.borne nematode infections was seen in Ji.angxi(4.03%,82/2034)and Chongqing(4.03%,524/13012),followed by in Hainan(3.47%,72/2075).The prevalence of soilborne nematode infections was 1.07%(662/62139)in men and 1.37%(974/71092)in women,and the grea

关 键 词：土源性线虫病 城镇地区 钩虫 蛔虫 鞭虫 中国 

分 类 号：R532.1[医药卫生—内科学]