内生菌荧光假单胞菌DLJ1和蜡状芽胞杆菌SZ5对南方根结线虫胁迫下辣椒植株抗性与产量品质的影响  

Effects of endophytes DLJ1(Pseudomonas fluorescens)and SZ5(Bacillus cereus)on the resistance,yield and quality of pepper plants under the stress of Meloidogyne incognita

作　　者：杨亚茹 茆少星 闫淑珍[1] 陆长梅[1] YANG Yaru;MAO Shaoxing;YAN Shuzhen;LU Changmei(College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210024,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210024

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第6期96-102,116,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK2012848)。

摘　　要：为了检验内生菌荧光假单胞菌DLJ1和蜡状芽胞杆菌SZ5的促生与提高植株对南方根结线虫的防治效果,确定合适的菌剂接种方式,并分析其机制,本文以杀线剂阿维菌素为对照,比较了不同接菌方式下DLJ1和SZ5对辣椒植株在南方根结线虫胁迫下的抗性以及对产量品质的影响。结果证实DLJ1在种子萌发期的一次接菌与萌发期与田间的5次接菌处理均可使根系根结数减少70%以上,使植株对南方根结线虫的抗性升至高抗级别,辣椒产量提高超过150%;DLJ1一次接菌处理组的果型最大、Vc与可溶性蛋白含量最高。SZ5萌发期一次处理根结数降低40%,植株对南方根结线虫表现为中抗,产量提高60%以上;SZ5多次接菌处理根结数只能降低27%,产量仅提高6%左右。阿维菌素处理的效果介于DLJ1和SZ5之间,可降低植株根结数45%,提高产量49%左右。分析其机理发现,两菌剂处理均可通过提高植株的POD酶活性和总酚含量,降低O-2产生速率和MDA积累,提高光合色素含量等来促进植物生长,通过提高几丁质酶活性来提高植株对线虫的抗性。总之,只需要在辣椒种子萌发期进行一次DLJ1接菌处理,即可使植株获得稳定而显著的促生和防治南方根结线虫双重效果,提示DLJ1菌在农业生产上的应用前景广阔。Two endophytes,DLJ1(Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar I)and SZ5(Bacillus cereus),and a nematicide abamectin were used to compare their effects on the improvement of plant growth and plant resistance to Meloidogyne incognita,to determine the appropriate mode of inoculation,and to analyze its mechanism.The results showed that inoculation with DLJ1 once at germination stage or once at germination stage and 5 times in the field could decrease the number of root nodules by over 70%,improve the resistance of pepper plants to M.incognita to a high level,and increase the yield by over 150%.The fruit size was the biggest,and the contents of Vc and soluble proteins were the highest in the inoculation-with-DLJ1-once group.Inoculation with SZ5 once at germination stage reduced the number of root nodules only by 40%,improved the plant resistance to a medium level,and increased the yield by over 60%.Multiple inoculation with SZ5 decreased the number of root nodules only by 27%and increased the yield by 6%.The effect of abamectin treatment was between that of DLJ1 treatment and SZ5 treatment,which could reduce root nodules by about 45%and increase yield by about 49%.The results also showed that the growth-promoting effect of the two endophytes was possibly attributed to the increase of the POD activity and the total phenol content,the decrease of the O-2 production and MDA accumulation,and the enhancement of photosynthetic pigments contents in plants;the improved resistance of plants to nematodes was possibly attributed to the increase of chitinase activity in plants.In a word,inoculation of pepper plants with DLJ1 only once at the germination stage could achieve stable and significant effects of growth promoting and control of M.incognita.This suggests that DLJ1 has a broad application prospect in agricultural production.

关 键 词：植物内生菌 辣椒 南方根结线虫 抗性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]