茶园周边景观格局对茶小绿叶蝉种群遗传结构的影响  

Effects of landscape pattern around tea plantation on the population genetic structure of the tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

作　　者：李金玉 牛东升[1,2,3] 陈杰 尤士骏 尤民生[1,2,3] LI Jin-Yu;NIU Dong-Sheng;CHEN Jie;YOU Shi-Jun;YOU Min-Sheng(State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops,Institute of Applied Ecology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control,Ministry of Education,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Ministry of Agriculture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学应用生态研究所,闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学,教育部害虫生态防控国际合作联合实验室,福州350002 [3]福建农林大学,农业部闽台作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2020年第10期1242-1259,共18页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2019YFD1002100,2016YFE0102100);福建省发改委农业“五新”工程项目(闽发改农业[2017]410号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同茶园茶小绿叶蝉Empoasca onukii种群的遗传分化和基因流格局,探究其种群遗传结构差异和扩散特点及其与茶园景观格局的关系。【方法】以福建省安溪县为研究区域,在运用ArcMap10.5和R软件包raster分析研究区域景观组成和结构的基础上,选取周边景观格局不同的18个茶园采集茶小绿叶蝉(530个个体),基于23个微卫星位点对这些个体进行PCR扩增和基因型测定,采用ARLEQUIN 3.5.2,FSTAT 2.9.3和R软件包adegenet 2.0.0分析其遗传多样性和遗传分化情况;采用STRUCTURE 2.3.4和R软件包adegenet 2.0.0中的DAPC程序分析其种群遗传分化;利用BAYESASS 3.0.4估算种群间最近几代的迁移率;同时利用景观遗传学的统计方法Mantel、距离矩阵多元回归模型(MRM)和一般线性模型(GLMM)将茶小绿叶蝉种群遗传分化与景观组成和景观结构的空间数据进行关联分析。【结果】供试18个茶小绿叶蝉种群的23个微卫星位点的等位基因数为9~52,等位基因丰富度(AR)为3.686~4.397,基因多样性(DIV)为0.676~0.734,期望杂合度(He)为0.659~0.729。聚类分析显示,有大量森林生境的西北部5个相邻样点的种群组成一个类群,有大量居民点和其他作物田分布的东北部的5个相邻样点的种群分为两个类群,而集约化种植模式明显的南部样点的种群也分成两个类群。两两种群间的Nei氏遗传距离为0.042~0.984,Provesti氏遗传距离为0.207~0.650,遗传分化指数FST为0.002~0.222。BAYESASS分析显示,种群间的现时基因流(Nm)相对较低,介于0.007~0.180,而在种群内部的基因流介于0.674~0.854。在此基础上,Mantel和距离矩阵多元回归模型分析显示,地理距离和采样点周围1000 m范围内草地面积占比是与茶小绿叶蝉种群遗传分化有关的两个关键因子;一般线性模型分析进一步证实茶小绿叶蝉种群遗传分化与这两个关键因子线性关系显著,茶小绿叶蝉种群遗传多样性与采�【Aim】This study aims to analyze the patterns of genetic differentiation and gene flow among different populations of the tea green leafhopper,Empoasca onukii,in different tea plantations,and to investigate the genetic structure difference and dispersion characteristics of E.onukii populations and their relationship with the landscape pattern around tea plantation.【Methods】A total of 530 E.onukii samples were collected from 18 tea plantations in Anxi County,Fujian Province,southeastern China.ArcMap 10.5 and raster of R package were used to analyze the landscape composition and configuration around each studied tea plantation.E.onukii samples were then individually amplified and individually genotyped at 23 microsatellite loci.The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of E.onukii populations were measured using ARLEQUIN 3.5.2,FSTAT 2.9.3 and R package adegenet 2.0.0.Population genetic differentiation was analyzed using both STRUCTURE 2.3.4 and DAPC in R package adegenet 2.0.0.BAYESASS 3.0.4 was used to estimate the dispersal rates over the last few generations among populations.Meanwhile the correlation between the genetic differentiation of E.onukii populations and the spatial data of landscape composition and landscape configuration was analyzed by using Mantel tests,multiple regression on distance matrices(MRM)and generalized linear mixed models(GLMM).【Results】All the 23 microsatellite loci in 18 E.onukii populations were polymorphic,with alleles varying from 9 to 52,the allelic richness(AR)from 3.686 to 4.397,the gene diversity(DIV)from 0.676 to 0.734,and the expected heterozygosity(He)from 0.659 to 0.729.Cluster analysis showed that the populations of five sampling sites from the tea plantations surrounded by woodland habitats in the northwestern Anxi clustered into one distinct cluster,the populations of five sampling sites from the tea plantations surrounded by residential areas and croplands in the northeastern Anxi formed two separate clusters,and the populations of sampling sites from

关 键 词：茶小绿叶蝉 茶园 景观格局 遗传结构 基因流 害虫可持续治理 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]