侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆的陈列与记忆  

Exhibition and Memory of the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders

作　　者：金志勋 廉松心(译)[2] KIM Ji-hoon;LIAN Songxin

机构地区：[1]韩国成均馆大学东亚历史研究所,首尔110-745 [2]北华大学东亚历史与文献研究中心,吉林132013

出　　处：《北华大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期30-38,151,共10页Journal of Beihua University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：1982年针对日本历史教科书叙述的右倾化,中国建立了中国人民抗日战争纪念馆和侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆。20世纪80—90年代,侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆展览的主题强调“生与死”“痛与恨”,揭露日本侵略军的残暴,凸显日军百人斩比赛、遇难者丛葬地及30万遇难者。2007年二期扩建工程竣工后,纪念馆的建筑及展览的主题凸显“战争、杀戮、和平”。2015年三期扩建工程竣工后,凸显国内外人士对“南京大屠杀”遇难者的救援活动、中国共产党领导的抗日战争的胜利和复兴之路。几乎所有展览都强调个人的痛苦、牺牲、耻辱是因国家的贫弱而导致,进而将南京大屠杀的历史记忆转化成为国家强大必要性叙述的一个支点。In 1982,in response to the rightist narration in Japanese history textbooks,China established the“Memorial Hall of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japan”and“the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders”.In the 1980s and 1990s,the theme of the exhibition“the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders”emphasized“life and death”and“pain and hatred”,revealed the brutality of the Japanese aggressors,highlighted the killing competition of 100 Japanese soldiers,the mass burial ground of the victims and 300,000 victims.After the completion of the second phase expansion project in 2007,the theme of the building and exhibition of the memorial hall highlights“war,killing and peace”.After the completion of the third phase expansion project in 2015,it highlights the rescue activities of people at home and abroad for the victims of the“Nanjing Massacre”,the victory and rejuvenation of the Anti Japanese war led by the Communist Party of China.Almost all the exhibitions emphasize that personal pain,sacrifice and shame are caused by the poverty of the country,thus turning the historical memory of the Nanjing Massacre into a fulcrum of narrating the necessity of national strength.

关 键 词：侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆 集体记忆 政治空间 抗日战争胜利 和平 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]