The Genomes of the Allohexaploid Echinochloa crus-galli and Its Progenitors Provide Insights into Polyploidization-Driven Adaptation  

作　　者：Chu-Yu Ye Dongya Wu Lingfeng Mao Lei Jia Jie Qiu Sangting Lao Meihong Chen Bowen Jiang Wei Tang Qiong Peng Lang Pan Lifeng Wang Xiaoxiao Feng Longbiao Guo Chulong Zhang Elizabeth A.Kellogg Kenneth M.Olsen Lianyang Bai Longjiang Fan 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Crop Sciences&Institute of Bioinformatics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China [2]Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences,College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200235,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China [4]Hunan Weed Science Key Laboratory,Hunan Academy of Agriculture Science,Changsha 410125,China [5]Agricultural Experiment Station,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China [6]lnstitute of Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China [7]Donald Danforth Plant Science Center,St.Louis,MO 63132,USA [8]Department of Biology,Washington University in St.Louis,St.Louis,MO 63130,USA

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2020年第9期1298-1310,共13页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(9143511 and 31901899);Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(LZ17C130001);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020XZZX001).

摘　　要：The hexaploid species Echinochloa crus-galli is one of the most detrimental weeds in crop fields,especially in rice paddies.Its evolutionary history is similar to that of bread wheat,arising through polyploidization after hybridization between a tetraploid and a diploid species.In this study,we generated and analyzed high-quality genome sequences of diploid(E.haploclada),tetraploid(E.oryzicola),and hexaploid(E.crus-galli)Echinochloa species.Gene family analysis showed a significant loss of disease-resistance genes such as those encoding NB-ARC domain-containing proteins during Echinochloa polyploidization,contrary to their significant expansionduring wheat polyploidization,suggesting that natural selection might favor reduced investment in resistance in this weed to maximize its growth and reproduction.In contrast to the asymmetric patterns of genome evolution observed in wheat and other crops,no significant differences in selection pressure were detected between the subgenomes in E.oryzicola and E.crus-galli.In addition,distinctive differences in subgenome transcriptome dynamics during hexaploidization were observed between E.crus-galli and bread wheat.Collectively,our study documents genomic mechanisms underlying the adaptation of a major agricultural weed during polyploidization.The genomic and transcriptomic resources of three Echinochloa species and new insights into the polyploidization-driven adaptive evolution would be useful for future breeding cereal crops.

关 键 词：BREEDING CROPS ation 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]