基于主成分分析法的闽江口及其近岸水域水质评价  

Assessment of the Minjiang River estuary and its castal waters quality using principal component analysis

作　　者：林秀珠[1] 饶清华[1] 陈琪 林茂兹[1] 林云杉 LIN Xiu-zhu;RAO Qing-hua;CHEN Qi;LIN Mao-zi;LIN Yun-shan(Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control System for Coastal Environment,Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University,Fuqing 350300,China;Fujian Provincial Investigation Design&Research Institute of Water Conservancy&Hydropower,Fuzhou 350001,China;Fujian Environmental Monitoring Center,Fuzhou 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学福清分校近海流域环境测控治理福建省高校重点实验室,福建福清350300 [2]福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院,福建福州350001 [3]福建省环境监测中心站,福建福州350003

出　　处：《海洋科学》2020年第11期78-86,共9页Marine Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01306);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(闽教科[2018]47号);中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019L3013)。

摘　　要：选取2016年4月、7月和10月闽江口及其近岸水域7个调查点位的盐度、悬浮物、pH、溶解氧、化学需氧量、氮营养盐和重金属等15项监测指标数据,采取主成分分析法分析了该水域的水质,明确影响该水域水质的主要污染因子。结果表明:15项监测指标转换提取为4个主成分,解释82.153%的方差。从时间分布来看,闽江口及其近岸水域在4月份水质较差、10月份次之、7月份较好。从空间分布来看,近河口水质较差而远离河口水质较好。影响该水域污染水质的主要驱动因子是pH、COD、氮营养盐和Cd。研究结果对于进一步了解闽江口及其近岸水域水质情况具有重要意义,同时也为福建省海洋管理的科学决策提供支持。Three surveys were conducted in the Minjiang River estuary and its coastal waters in April,July and October 2016 for collecting the water environmental quality information on 15 environmental indicators including salinity(S),suspended solids(SS),pH,dissolved oxygen(DO),chemical oxygen demand(COD),nitrogen nutrient,and heavy metals.The environmental quality of the Minjiang River estuary and its coastal waters were analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA)to identify the potential driving factors influencing the water environmental quality.Four principal components were extracted from the 15 environmental indicators,which explained 82.153%of the total variance in the original dataset.Temporal variations indicated that the water environmental quality generally the best in July,followed by October,and then April.Spatial variations suggested that pollution was more serious in the Minjiang River estuary than in the coastal waters.Moreover,pH,COD,nitrogen nutrient and cadmium played a key role in the water environmental quality.The research results are of great significance to further understand the environmental quality of the Minjiang River estuary and its coastal waters,and it can serve as a strong basis for the scientific decision–making of marine management in the Fujian Province.

关 键 词：闽江口 近岸水域 水质评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]