高海拔隧道施工人员劳动时间调整研究  

Study on Working Time Adjustment for Construction Workers of High-altitude Tunnel

作　　者：琚国全[1] 汪辉武 郭春[2] JU Guoquan;WANG Huiwu;GUO Chun(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610031;Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2020年第S01期903-907,共5页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0605104);四川省教育科研资助金项目(2018495);成都哲学社会科学规划项目(2019CS107);成都市科技项目(2019-YFYF-00121-SN).

摘　　要：为探究高海拔隧道施工人员体力劳动强度水平,提供劳动时间调整依据,选择圭嘎拉隧道进口段(海拔4300 m)的施工人员作为测试对象,测量不同工序下施工人员的肺通气量和耗氧量。基于耗氧量计算平均能量代谢率,进而计算各工序劳动强度指数,调整劳动时间。结果表明:(1)二次衬砌钢筋绑扎是所测施工工序中劳动强度最大工序,该工序下施工人员工作日总能量代谢率超过卫生限值,劳动强度指数达到35(极重);(2)海拔4300 m隧道施工工序劳动强度大部分为中度—极重;(3)规范中基于肺通气量的平均能量代谢率计算公式并不完全适用于高海拔地区。To explore the manual labor intensity level of high-altitude tunnel construction workers and provide the basis for adjusting working time,construction workers in the entrance of Guigala Tunnel(elevation of 4300 m)are selected as test objects.Pulmonary ventilation and oxygen consumption of the construction workers in different working procedures are measured.The metabolism rate is calculated based on oxygen consumption,the manual labor intensity index of each procedure is also calculated and working time are adjusted.The results show that:(1)the steel bar binding of secondary lining is the most intensive procedure of all the detected procedures,in which the total metabolic rate of the construction workers in a working day exceeds the sanitary limit,and the manual labor intensity index reaches 35(extremely heavy);(2)the manual labor intensity of each construction procedure of the tunnel(elevation of 4300 m)is mostly classified as moderate and extremely heavy;(3)the formula for calculating average metabolic rate based on the code for pulmonary ventilation is not essentially applicable to the area with high altitude.

关 键 词：高海拔隧道 平均能量代谢率 体力劳动强度 劳动时间调整 

分 类 号：U455.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]