女性自白诗人的史与诗——普拉斯和毕晓普诗歌中的朝鲜战争书写  

Confessional poetess’history and poems:Sylvia Plath and Elizabeth Bishop’s poetic writing on Korean war

作　　者：张玉堂 张生庭[3] Zhang Yutang;Zhang Shengting

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学研究生院,陕西西安710128 [2]天水师范学院外国语学院,甘肃天水741000 [3]西安外国语大学英文学院,陕西西安710128

出　　处：《外语教学》2020年第6期108-112,共5页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：西安外国语大学博士研究生重点项目“朝鲜战争非虚构小说研究”(项目编号:BSYJS201804)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：西方文艺理论中的“忏悔”与“自白”有着久远的历史。从《圣经》伊始,直面上帝坦白与否关系到“伊甸园”和世俗磨难的两难抉择。奥古斯丁和卢梭的《忏悔录》充分展示了忏悔的宗教性与自然性。但当时空移位至人类历史上另一个上帝的“山巅之城”的“选民”国度,其政治领导人和作家等大多选择了颇具实用主义式的忏悔。而诞生于20世纪50年代以洛威尔为代表的“自白派”虽未能摆脱实用主义的桎梏但却更能打开心扉。面对二战后第一场针对所谓异教徒国家的战争——朝鲜战争时,两位自白派女诗人西尔维亚·普拉斯和伊丽莎白·毕晓普通过诗歌隐晦地表达了她们反对战争的立场。她们的反战是在麦卡锡主义“猎巫”的政治压制大背景下展开的,既是对良知的拷问,也将忏悔提升到一个新的历史高度。Confession has a long history in the western literary theory.From the inception of Bible,it is of vital importance for the first man and woman to confess or not,and thitherto,they will be confronted with the cul-de-sac between over-joys in Eden and worldly miseries.Augustine and Rousseau have displayed religious faithfulness or secular-humility through their respective Confession.When the history comes to another country of God’s Chosen,the so-called"city upon the hill,"its political leaders or writers have mostly chosen the confessions in the pragmatic manners.The Confessional poets in the 1950 s,with Robert Lowell as its progenitor,have been confined with its shackles of pragmaticism but acted quite differently and openly.Sylvia Plath and Elizabeth Bishop have written down veiled anti-war poems when the first post-war mission of Korean War against a godless country was carried out.Their anti-war positions were found invaluable since they both were under the conscientious pressures and the political repression of McCarthyism witch-hunt.In a nutshell,their poems are a manifestation of unique human brilliance and therefore,have uplifted confessions to a new historical height.

关 键 词：忏悔 朝鲜战争 自白派诗歌 反战诗 

分 类 号：I712.072[文学—其他各国文学]