基于有限元分析的临时交通防护设施碰撞仿真  

Collision Simulation of Temporary Traffic Protection Facilities Based on Finite Element Analysis

作　　者：梁健健 姚胜彪 李标 陈谊 杜占涛 徐婷[5] LIANG Jian-jian;YAO Sheng-biao;LI Biao;CHEN Yi;DU Zhan-tao;XU Ting(Guangxi Expressway Investment Co.Ltd.,Nanning 530000,China;Guangxi Guihai Expressway Co.Ltd.,Nanning 530000,China;Hunan Traffic International Economic Engineering Cooperation Co.Ltd.,Changsha 410000,China;CCCC Fourth Highway Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100022,China;School of Automobile,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]广西高速公路投资有限公司,南宁市530000 [2]广西桂海高速公路有限公司,南宁市530000 [3]湖南交通国际经济工程合作有限公司,长沙市410000 [4]中交第四公路工程局有限公司,北京市100022 [5]长安大学汽车学院,西安市710064

出　　处：《公路》2020年第11期269-277,共9页Highway

基　　金：国家重点研发计划,项目编号2018YFC0807500;国家自然科学基金项目,项目编号51878066。

摘　　要：为研究临时交通防护设施的防撞效果,遴选常见的临时交通防护设施设置形式,包括波形梁护栏、单独设置水泥隔离墩或塑料隔离墩、间隔设置水泥-塑料隔离墩、设置永临结合护栏等5种类型。首先建立上述5种设施及波形梁护栏的三维模型与有限元模型,完成对模型边界条件、约束定义等操作,并进行护栏–汽车碰撞系统模型验证。其次,依据相关规范设置碰撞条件并讨论其评价准则。最后,采用LS-DYNA求解器对模型求解,获得仿真碰撞试验数据,从最大动态变形量、车体加速度、设施吸能方面比较防护效果。结果表明:各类临时交通防护设施与波形护栏防护效果差异较大。塑料隔离墩吸能效果好,但碰撞后产生的变形量、位移量较大,而水泥隔离墩防止失控车辆穿越道路效果较好,但其缓冲吸能效果差,质心加速度大于规范要求的20g。当水泥-塑料隔离墩交错设置时,吸能与形变数据介于单纯设置水泥隔离墩或塑料隔离墩之间,能够在一定程度上汲取二者的优点,比单独设置水泥隔离墩或塑料隔离墩更为合理。永临结合护栏吸能效果与波形梁护栏相比略差,但车体质心加速度变化满足规范要求,综合使用效果仅次于波形梁护栏。上述结果为临时交通防护设施的设计与改进,及其在改扩建工程交通组织中的有效应用与设置提供了依据。In order to study the efficiency of temporary traffic protection facilities,in the paper,the common setting pattern of protection facilities are selected including corrugated beam guardrail,only cement barrier or only plastic barrier,plastic and cement barrier at interval,and combination of permanent and temporary fence.Firstly,a three-dimensional model and a finite element model are established for the 4facilities mentioned above as well as the wave beam barrier,at the same time boundary conditions and constrains are defined,then the verification of fence-vehicle collision model is carried out.Secondly,collision conditions and the evaluation criteria are set according to related regulation.At last,the LS-DYNA analyzer is used to obtain the simulated collision test data,and the results of protective efficiency are compared in terms of the maximum dynamic deformation,acceleration of the vehicle,body and facility's energy absorbing.The result shows that the efficiency of various temporary traffic protection facilities and the W-beam guardrail have great difference.The plastic barrier has good performance of energy absorbing but induce large deformation and displacement after bump,while concrete barriers perform well in protecting incontrollable cars from rushing out of the road,but having poor effects on energy absorbing,whose center of mass acceleration is more than 20g as stipulated in the specifications.When the concrete and plastic barriers are set at interval,the energy absorbing and deformation data are in the middle of only setting cement or plastic barriers,which performs both of their advantages,so it is more reasonable than setting only concrete or plastic bearer.The combination of permanent and temporary protection fence perform less effectively,but the change of mass center acceleration meets the regulatory requirements.Its performance is only preceded by W-beam guardrail in general.The results of temporary traffic protection facilities performance provide reference and basis for the design,improvement

关 键 词：交通安全 临时交通防护设施 碰撞仿真 有限元分析 防护效果分析 

分 类 号：U417.12[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]