英语世界中的盘瓠神话研究述评  

Review of the Panhu Mythology in the English-mediated Communities

作　　者：毛巧晖[1] MAO Qiaohui

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族文学研究所,北京东城100732

出　　处：《贵州民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期122-139,共18页Journal of Guizhou Minzu University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程“学者资助计划”;国家社会科学基金“中国少数民族神话数据库建设”[项目编号:17ZDA161]。

摘　　要：盘瓠神话出现在中国汉语典籍相对较早,而且后世文献引述较多,其范围涉及史书、方志、笔记小说、志怪等。从19世纪后半叶,随着中西文化交流频繁,盘瓠神话也引起了西方学者的关注。本文以英语世界对盘瓠神话的研究为主体进行考察,英语世界的学者对盘瓠神话的研究大多从对东南亚瑶族社会的关注开始,后将视线移到中国南方的瑶族等,其研究首先表现在对《评皇券牒》《关山簿》《凉山省禄平州蛮书》等文献的搜录、整理,之后则是基于这些文献阐释《评皇券牒》中所反映的“神话、基模与历史”的深层勾连以及这一文献与民间仪式、儒释道等文化的关系。20世纪下半叶开始,美国、泰国、法国等相关研究的学者注重实地考察,将盘瓠神话文本恢复到其所发生的语境进行阐释,到21世纪初期,他们又将研究焦点转向持有盘瓠神话传统的民族之历史梳理及讲述盘瓠故事的“个人”。The Panhu mythology occurred in Chinese classics a long time ago,with many citations from them in the succeeding era,covering various genres such as history,local chronicles,sketchbooks,and supernatural stories.Since the second half of the 19th century it has attracted attention from western scholars along with Sino-western cultural exchange.This paper makes a review of the studies on the Panhu tales based on the Southeast Asian Yao communities,extending to the Yao people in south China,with reference to“Charter of Emperor Ping”,“Yao Ceremonial Paintings”,“Myths of the Dog-Man”and other documents.It is argued that the model of“myth,schema and history”is closely related to folk rituals,Confucianism and Taoism and that beginning at the early 21st century scholars from America,Thailand and France have started to focus their attention on the relationship between the history of the people with the Panhu mythology belief and the“individuals”telling the Panhu tales.

关 键 词：盘瓠神话 学术史 《评皇券牒》 仪式 历史 

分 类 号：I27[文学—中国文学]