呼和浩特市2017-2019年5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原学研究  

Surveillance of enteric virus pathogens among infants with diarrhea from 2017 to 2019 in Hohhot city of China

作　　者：宫硕敏 张宇耕 闫绍宏 雷霞 GONG Shuo-min;ZHANG Yu-geng;YAN Shao-hong;LEI Xia(Baotou Medical College,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014000,China;Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Disease Prevention and Control Center of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院,内蒙古包头014000 [2]内蒙古综合疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2020年第5期342-345,共4页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：国家“十三五”艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治科技重大专项(2017ZX10103006-003)。

摘　　要：目的分析呼和浩特市2017-2019年<5岁儿童腹泻病毒多病原流行特征,了解其流行的主要腹泻病毒种类,为制定该地区病毒感染性腹泻防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集2017-2019年哨点医院内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院送检的<5岁腹泻患儿的粪便监测样本,对A组轮状病毒采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)进行抗原检测,对杯状病毒、肠道腺病毒、星状病毒采用聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)或反转录聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription PCR,RTPCR)进行检测。数据通过SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。结果2017-2019年共收集呼和浩特市哨点医院<5岁儿童腹泻粪便监测样本904份(男性520份,女性384份)。病毒总阳性检出率为43.25%(391/904),其中杯状病毒(24.00%,217/904)与轮状病毒(17.81%,161/904)的阳性检出率较高,肠道腺病毒、星状病毒检出率较低,检出率分别为1.22%(11/904)、0.22%(2/904),混合感染检出率为3.21%(29/904)。男性婴幼儿的病毒阳性检出率(43.46%,226/520)高于女性(42.97%,165/384)。病毒总阳性检出率的年龄分布中,3~<4岁年龄组最高(55.88%,19/34)。轮状病毒冬春季高发(11月-次年3月),检出率为24.55%(95/387),杯状病毒全年均可发生,在10月-次年的2月阳性率较高(30.19%,93/308),肠道腺病毒和星状病毒的检出率较少,流行季节性不明显。结论呼和浩特市2017-2019年监测结果显示<5岁腹泻患儿的轮状病毒和杯状病毒感染率较高,应提高轮状病毒疫苗接种率,加强对病毒性腹泻的监测工作,特别是预防轮状病毒和杯状病毒的疫情暴发。Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of viruses in children with diarrhea under 5years of age in Hohhot city of China from 2017 to 2019.Methods Diarrhea and fecal monitoring samples of children under 5years old were collected by the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2017 to 2019.For rotavirus A,ELISA was used for antigen detection;for human calicivirus,enteric adenovirus,and astrovirus,PCR or RT-PCR was used for detection.SPSS 20.0was used for data analysis.Results From 2017to 2019,904diarrhea fecal monitoring samples were collected for children<5years old(520 males and 384females).The overall positive detection rate of the viruses was 43.25%(391/904)and among which,the calicivirus 24.00%(217/904)and rotavirus 17.81%(161/904).The detection rates of enteric adenovirus and astrovirus were low at 1.22%(11/904)and 0.22%(2/904),respectively.Mixed infection detection rate was 3.21%(29/904).Male infants and young children showed a higher virus detection rate than females(43.46%vs 42.97%).The age distribution of the total positive virus detection rate was highest in the 3~<4 year old group(55.88%,19/34).The incidence of rotavirus infection was higher in winter and spring(November-March)with the detection rate at 24.55%(95/387).Calicivirus occured throughout the year and the positive rate was higher from October to February(30.19%,93/308).The detection rates of enteric adenovirus and astrovirus were low and with no obvious seasonality.Conclusions The 2017-2019monitoring results in Hohhot city of China indicate that the infection rates of rotavirus and calicivirus in children under 5 years of age with diarrhea are high.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 儿童 轮状病毒 杯状病毒 肠道腺病毒 星状病毒 

分 类 号：R723.11[医药卫生—儿科] R373.9[医药卫生—临床医学]