鼹科长吻鼩鼹和库氏长吻鼹的首次转录组分析  

The first transcriptomic analysis of Uropsilus gracilis and Euroscaptor kuznetsovi

作　　者：王琳琳 丘银彬 万韬 王霞 周鸿艳 蒋学龙[5] 潘星华[1] 何锴 WANG Linlin;QIU Yinbin;WAN Tao;WANG Xia;ZHOU Hongyan;JIANG Xuelong;PAN Xinghua;HE Kai(Southern Medical University,School of Basic Medical Science,and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application,Guangzhou 510515,China;College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China;Chongqing Nanchuan Jinfo Mountain Management Council,Chongqing 408499,China;Chongqing Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,Chongqing 408499,China;Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650223,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学教研室,广东省单细胞技术与应用重点实验室,广州510515 [2]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710119 [3]重庆市南川区金佛山管理委员会,重庆408499 [4]重庆金佛山国家级自然保护区管理局,重庆408499 [5]中国科学院昆明动物研究所,昆明650223

出　　处：《兽类学报》2020年第6期615-622,共8页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上基金(31970389);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2009M652952);广东省珠江人才计划本土创新科研团队(2017BT01S131)。

摘　　要：现生的鼹科动物分布于欧亚大陆和北美大陆,包括54种已知物种。鼹科动物有丰富的生态类型,是研究适应性进化的较好模型。本研究通过二代测序的方法分别获得了长吻鼩鼹和库氏长吻鼹两个物种心脏和肺脏以及脾脏和肺脏的转录组数据。这两个物种分别代表了分布于中国西南部、缅甸北部的没有特化的原始类群鼩鼹亚科以及高度适应地下生活的鼹亚科鼹族。我们首次报道了库氏长吻鼹在中国的分布。通过从头拼接,分别获得长吻鼩鼹和库氏长吻鼹197 092个和225 956个转录本,以及125 427个和94 023个unigene。通过与GenBank中的基因组注释文件比对,得到鼹科物种同源基因家族8 376个,及鼹科鼩鼱科同源基因家族8 114个。差异表达基因的各组织高表达基因中均找到10个以上组织特异性基因。然而BUSCO分析确定完整单拷贝基因在两个物种中分别为43.0%和56.6%,提示死亡后mRNA迅速降解并影响转录组拼接。比较两个物种肺部基因的表达差异发现库氏长吻鼹335个相对高表达的基因,其中包括HMGB1、HSPD1、SF3B1、COL3A1、SUMO1和JUNB等,已有报道表明上述基因可能与低氧或高海拔适应有关。Talpidae includes 54 recognized species distributed in Eurasia and North America. Talpids are characterized by diverse ecomorphologies, and are promising taxa to examine adaptive evolution. Surprisingly, no transcriptome data has been collected ever for any species of this family. In this study, we sequenced the transcriptomes of heart and lung of Uropsilus gracilis and spleen and lung of Euroscaptor kuznetsovi. U. gracilis is a terrestrial species representing a relict group endemic in southwestern China and adjacent Northern Myanmar, and E. kuznetsovi is a fully fossorial species of the tribe Talpini. The distribution of E. kuznetsovi in China is also reported here for the first time. By de novo assembling, we obtained 197 092 and 225 956 transcripts of U. gracilis and E. kuznetsovi, respectively, and 12 5427 and 94 023 unigene correspondingly. By comparison from genome annotation data from GenBank, we revealed 8 376 orthologous genes among three talpid species and 8 114 orthologs among talpid and shrew species. We found more than 10 tissue-specific genes in the highly expressed genes for each tissue. On the other hand, BUSCO analysis suggested that 40.3% and 56.6% single copy genes obtained in U.gracilis and E.kuznetsovi respecctively, were in full length. Suggesting that the mRNA rapidly degraded after the death of the animals, and hindered the assembly of the transcriptomes. We found that 335 genes were highly expressed in the lung of E. kuznetsovi, including HMGB1, HSPD1,SF3 B1,COL3 A1, SUMO1 and JUNB by comparing the expression differences of lung genes between the two species, These genes were reported to be related with hypoxia or high-altitude adaptation.

关 键 词：长吻鼩鼹 库氏长吻鼹 转录组测序 从头组装 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学]